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However, challenges such as high polymerization shrinkage and lack of anti\u2010cariogenic activities compromise interfacial integrity and significantly increase restoration failure risks. To address these limitations, we developed a bioactive multifunctional bulk\u2010fill RC by integrating sol\u2010gel\u2010synthesized monodisperse nano\u2010MgO (nMgO), St\u00f6ber\u2010derived monodisperse submicron spherical silica (sSiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), and dendritic epoxy\u2010cyclohexyl functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (E\u2010POSS). RCs achieved a larger depth of cure (DOC &gt; 4\u00a0mm) and higher degree of conversion (&gt;80%), enabling reliable clinical handling. nMgO\/E\u2010POSS may synergistically enhance the restoration\u2010tooth interface through: (1) low shrinkage and reduced shrinkage stress via E\u2010POSS\u2010mediated cationic ring\u2010opening polymerization and rigid structure, effectively minimizing interfacial gaps and microleakage after 10,000 thermal cycles; (2) potent antibacterial activity against\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                    through nMgO\u2010mediated mechanisms including direct contact inhibition, Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u207a\/ROS generation, and alkaline microenvironment creation; and (3) E\u2010POSS\u2010guided biomimetic remineralization of demineralized dentin through Ca\u2010P deposition and the stabilizing effect of Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u207a on amorphous calcium phosphate. Our novel RCs also maintain clinically satisfactory mechanical properties, hydrolytic\/thermal stability, and excellent biosafety. By synergizing self\u2010defensive antibacterial\u2010remineralization capabilities with low\u2010shrinkage\u2010enhanced interfacial adaptation, this multifunctional composite provides a promising strategy for restoring large dental defects while preventing secondary caries and extending restoration longevity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202502057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T08:38:01Z","timestamp":1764146281000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Engineering a Self\u2010Defensive Restoration\u2010Tooth Interface via Bioactive nMgO\/E\u2010POSS Bulk\u2010Fill Resin Composites for Enhanced Dental Restorations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Zhongyuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University School of Stomatology Qingdao University  Qingdao China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Department of Oral Prosthodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuwei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Department of Oral Prosthodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aihua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University School of Stomatology Qingdao University  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Watts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Sciences University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas G.","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minnesota Dental Research Center For Biomaterials and Biomechanics MDRCBB University of Minnesota  Minneapolis USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Department of Oral Prosthodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University  Chengdu 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