{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T20:17:48Z","timestamp":1792873068643,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":305,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22304099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22304099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82304442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82304442"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82574366"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82574366"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3504401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3504401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFA1103403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFA1103403"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["L256002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L256002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Adv Healthcare Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Due to the high complexity of the disease mechanisms, rendering conventional single\u2010target symptomatic therapies are increasingly inadequate to meet evolving clinical demands. Multifunctional nanocarrier drug delivery systems (MNDDS) with precision targeting and tunable functionalities have emerged as a revolutionary strategy to address current therapeutic limitations. MNDDS enables spatiotemporally controlled drug delivery and customizable therapeutic outcomes, thereby serving as a cornerstone for advancing precision medicine. To systematically survey the latest advancements in MNDDS and facilitate cross\u2010disciplinary innovation, this review begins by classifying carrier platforms into biological and non\u2010biological categories based on their constituent materials. Then, the integration of diverse therapeutic payloads, encompassing chemical agents, protein\/peptide therapeutics, nucleic acid\u2010based drugs, and other bioactive compounds are summarized. Following, engineering strategies are elaborated for achieving active targeting and passive targeting through systematic structural and surface modifications. Furthermore, the applications of MNDDS for disease treatment are highlighted. Finally, emerging strategies integrating intelligent bioinspired carrier design, dynamic smart materials, and personalized microenvironment engineering that hold transformative potential to bridge the gap from lesion\u2010specific targeting to real\u2010time theranostics are foregrounded. It is believed that this review can inspire multidisciplinary collaboration and accelerate the development of next\u2010generation MNDDS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202502178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T03:51:59Z","timestamp":1757994719000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Multifunctional Nanocarrier Drug Delivery Systems: From Diverse Design to Precise Biomedical Applications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yan\u2010Fei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College  Beijing 100005 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng\u2010Qi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College  Beijing 100005 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cai\u2010Shi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College  Beijing 100005 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010Heng","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College  Beijing 100005 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongjian","family":"Ai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality Department of Nutrition and Health China Agricultural University  Beijing 100193 P. R. China"},{"name":"MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry &amp; Chemical Biology Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology Tsinghua University\u2010Peking University Joint Centre for Life Sciences Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College  Beijing 100005 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6750-038X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qionglin","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry &amp; Chemical Biology Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology Tsinghua University\u2010Peking University Joint Centre for Life Sciences Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39938-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2022.101452"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202202470"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2023.122157"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202109609"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-023-00537-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/491S58a"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c05853"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-35981-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202302335"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202212267"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2023.09.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.add9667"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.3c00184"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-021-00315-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.086"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c05853"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2021.02.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202105223"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36469-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202102678"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2022.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abf7820"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201802132"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba0776"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado7438"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32268-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adp2179"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adq0703"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.0c00321"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c00548"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-024-00320-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b19161"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.06.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/VIW.20220009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2017.54"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28744-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589-023-01489-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21691401.2018.1499665"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.124488"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202303617"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49480-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","volume":"34","author":"Xu Y. R.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202412862"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-022-00871-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-024-01758-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adk7955"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-52893-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abj2372"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50312-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2019.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b02303"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adk3201"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz4462"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.125246"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.123601"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-021-00630-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201903940"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41427-021-00320-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13206-017-2202-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2024.101247"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202307585"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-023-00594-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-024-01224-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2022.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201902838"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202407115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.80477"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba5996"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.add3599"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aau4292"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-022-00699-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abc1725"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-020-3267-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59624-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2023.102102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2022.03.110"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.122570"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-024-01618-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202203942"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-018-00841-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-72629-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25448-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.6b00277"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2017.56"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-54877-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abm4677"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4477"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-019-0600-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-022-01105-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/EXP.20230037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2023.120838"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2021.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.201900017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.01.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.192581499"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat4766"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c03863"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1602"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-019-0567-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c07408"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nchem.2479"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-021-01276-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202310211"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2023.102933"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2023.108907"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c01094"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c09528"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202204692"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c05309"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201801688"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2022.107686"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202204791"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202203890"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2022.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.129386"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202400752"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-023-02085-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.adf1426"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abd5515"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2023.122213"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-024-01736-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202312897"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-023-01584-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c11125"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2022.05.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c13501"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2023.122333"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.0c02099"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202109178"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b12025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c08939"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202308909"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202303568"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202311315"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.119851"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202206545"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c04067"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c06085"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202314194"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c12091"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202405547"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.148453"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-022-00529-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50020-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adg2491"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c00547"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03738-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abn9243"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202318665"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112514"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_133_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-024-01759-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41570-022-00437-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c05922"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.add4623"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04439-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111888"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36812-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2020.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2024.01.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.12.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49578-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adl2267"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c10231"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202203357"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39401-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.01.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.113679"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-48695-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.151580"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.9b05340"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz6868"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202103581"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202101155"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2024.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-023-5846-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202308738"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2021.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c13688"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202405535"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.133698"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/EXP.20210222"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.abd5483"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2016.11.128"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.156763"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adn8695"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-021-00315-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-69229-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44222-022-00010-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.3c00426"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2017.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102205"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.3c01771"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2016.62"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2021.11.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202204502"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202302961"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_180_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40300-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-78241-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_182_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba2735"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_183_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50021-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_184_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50769-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202408013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_186_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.1c05061"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_187_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202302123"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202308477"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_189_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50854-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_190_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2024.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_191_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c09692"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_192_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abm3378"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_193_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c07311"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_194_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202314328"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_195_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abm3381"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_196_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adi1078"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_197_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202105711"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_198_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abd6889"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_199_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2023.101770"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_200_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-024-01715-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_201_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adg3277"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_202_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abq3104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_203_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2023.122233"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_204_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202403934"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_205_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c05643"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_206_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c11089"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_207_1","volume":"18","author":"Wang S.","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_208_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202308965"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_209_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2023.12.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_210_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.148790"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_211_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-34357-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_212_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c00875"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_213_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aay9526"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_214_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2017.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_215_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2015.05.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_216_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202312081"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_217_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202302442"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_218_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c00909"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_219_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202302335"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_220_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.129178"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_221_1","author":"Zhang H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_221_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtnano.2023.100330"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_222_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202103581"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_223_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado0082"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_224_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.110253"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_225_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202204636"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_226_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2020.101005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_227_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202211674"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_228_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201700996"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_228_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.7b02073"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_229_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202110432"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_230_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202200263"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_231_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2022.132694"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_232_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ade4186"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_233_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-023-00617-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_234_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c11275"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_235_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-022-01266-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_236_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202105304"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_237_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c06415"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_238_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0151-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_239_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202214655"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_240_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44161-023-00232-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_241_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202300161"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_242_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c08890"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_243_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202300439"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_244_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0191034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_245_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c07878"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_246_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c01012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_247_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202404071"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_248_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-00925-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_249_1","first-page":"1017","volume":"15","author":"Li Y.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharma."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_250_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2021.101224"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_251_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202403473"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_251_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202100895"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_252_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201907308"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_253_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202404576"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_254_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-021-3865-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_255_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43870-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_256_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.3c00254"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_257_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01668-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_258_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2023.215344"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_259_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202003054"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_260_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-41489-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_260_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c09286"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_261_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c04674"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_262_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-023-01689-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_263_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202409319"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_264_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4CS00421C"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_265_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adk9754"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_266_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c06609"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_267_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c05937"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_268_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c05298"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_269_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202304002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_270_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwad179"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_271_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15212\/AMM-2022-0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_272_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c06999"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_273_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202307630"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_274_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202315564"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_275_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2021.120763"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_275_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201800450"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_276_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202404461"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_277_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c10103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_278_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2024.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_279_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c07265"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_280_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2023.102047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_281_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41536-023-00330-2"}],"container-title":["Advanced Healthcare Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adhm.202502178","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/adhm.202502178","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adhm.202502178","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T11:40:41Z","timestamp":1768477241000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adhm.202502178"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"references-count":305,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adhm.202502178"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adhm.202502178","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-2640","2192-2659"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-2640","type":"print"},{"value":"2192-2659","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e02178"}}