{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T12:56:11Z","timestamp":1791377771013,"version":"4.3.2"},"reference-count":159,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"27","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CEX2023001263\u2010S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEX2023001263\u2010S"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2021\u2010122645OBI00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021\u2010122645OBI00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003030","name":"Ag\u00e8ncia de Gesti\u00f3 d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021SGR00446"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021SGR00446"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003030","name":"Ag\u00e8ncia de Gesti\u00f3 d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019LLAV00046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019LLAV00046"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003030","name":"Ag\u00e8ncia de Gesti\u00f3 d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021PRO00204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021PRO00204"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003030","name":"Ag\u00e8ncia de Gesti\u00f3 d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023INNOV00044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023INNOV00044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Adv Healthcare Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bacterial cellulose (BC), a biopolymer produced by Gram\u2010negative bacteria such as those from the Komagataeibacter genus, has emerged as a promising material in biomedical applications due to its exceptional purity, biocompatibility, mechanical strength, versatility in sterilization, biodegradability, and sustainable production. This comprehensive review traces the evolution of BC\u2010based medical products from their initial development in the 1980s to present\u2010day innovations, highlighting the progression of clinical evidence supporting their use. Early clinical studies primarily focused on BC as a temporary skin substitute for burns and ulcers. Over time, the scope of BC applications expanded to include dural defect repair, tympanic membrane reconstruction, and fetal surgery for spina bifida. The quality of clinical evidence has improved, with recent years seeing an increase in randomized controlled trials and larger patient cohorts. Several BC\u2010based products are already commercially available, supported by regulatory approvals and a growing body of clinical data. This review seeks to serve as a valuable resource by providing an exhaustive recapitulation of published clinical studies on BC\u2010based medical devices encompassing 3,857 subjects and offering insights into their efficacy, safety, and regulatory considerations. The review outlines future research directions to validate BC's potential across a wide range of in vivo biomedical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202502189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T07:05:30Z","timestamp":1753081530000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Studies on Bacterial Cellulose: From the Earliest Uses to Contemporary Innovations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6012-8944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Meslier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Ci\u00e8ncia de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB\u2010CSIC)  Campus UAB Bellaterra Catalonia E\u201008193 Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6255-2498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin Christopher","family":"D'Antin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Oftalmolog\u00eda Barraquer  Barcelona Catalonia E\u201008021 Spain"},{"name":"Institut Universitari Barraquer Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Catalonia E\u201008021 Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4666-1288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma","family":"Julio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Oftalmolog\u00eda Barraquer  Barcelona Catalonia E\u201008021 Spain"},{"name":"Institut Universitari Barraquer Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Catalonia E\u201008021 Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6464-7573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Roig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Ci\u00e8ncia de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB\u2010CSIC)  Campus UAB Bellaterra Catalonia E\u201008193 Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450120666181129092144"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.171"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2323\/jgam.58.397"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/CT8864900432"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10570-014-0408-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"107","volume":"47","author":"Chawla P. R.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Technol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2019.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34833"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2005.07.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222312984"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.593768"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","unstructured":"Articles 61 & 62 European Medical Devices Regulation Articles 61 & 62 European Medical Devices Regulation 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ebmed-2016-110401"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e318219c171"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181f44abc"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjebm-2017-110853"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","unstructured":"Annex XIV of the European Medical Devices Regulation Annex XIV of the European Medical Devices Regulation 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","unstructured":"Medical Device Regulators Forum Appendix F of IMDRF MDCE WG\/N56FINAL 2019;"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","first-page":"29","volume":"17","author":"Andreozzi G. M.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Minerva Angiologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-3910(97)00197-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","first-page":"135","volume":"77","author":"Quintella de Paola D.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Cir."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","first-page":"383","volume":"77","author":"Cabral M. L.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Cir."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","first-page":"209","volume":"3","author":"Castro O. C.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Brasilia"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","unstructured":"L. M.Cabral M. J.Sim\u00f5es A new biological dressing in burn care inVIIth Ibero\u2010Latin American plastic surgery congressCartagena Colombia 1988 https:\/\/www.dermafill.com\/images\/new_biological_dressing_in_burn_care.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","first-page":"141","volume":"78","author":"Peixoto R.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Cir."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","first-page":"317","volume":"78","author":"Pitanguy I.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Cir."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","first-page":"393","volume":"78","author":"Hil\u00e1rio A. H.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Cir."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","first-page":"45","volume":"79","author":"Sobrinho A. G.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Cir."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","unstructured":"A. J.Coelho Capelo J. G.Reis Alves A New Temporary Skin Substitute (Biofill). Experience in the Burn Unit of the Coimbra Pediatric Hospital1990."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","first-page":"120","volume":"80","author":"Mayall R. C.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Cir."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-4179(91)90012-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","first-page":"773","volume":"48","author":"Magnocavallo C.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Minerva Chirurgica"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1993.040207.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1998.69.4.454"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1998.69.4.454"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2003.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","first-page":"224","volume":"16","author":"Alvarez O. M.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","first-page":"E1","volume":"54","author":"Coerper S.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ostomy Wound Manage."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","first-page":"1","volume":"21","author":"Portal O.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","first-page":"14","volume":"6","author":"Wild T.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","first-page":"17","volume":"22","author":"Solway D. R.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","unstructured":"NHS \u2013 Skin Tears."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2011.20.6.280"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e3182284aca"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2011.01.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2010.00750.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2011.20.11.534"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcws.2011.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04327.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2012.21.1.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2012.21.9.448"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000419406.29700.ef"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000431237.22658.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-5538.IBJU.2013.03.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2013.871701"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2012.757286"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.09.065"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2015.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1677-5538.ibju.2016.0109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/jbnb.2016.72012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0100-69912017001011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","first-page":"330","volume":"35","author":"Zanoti M. D. U.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Invest. Educ. Enfermeria Fac. Enfermeria Univ. Antioquia"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.19001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2018.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000534701.57785.cd"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-018-1871-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/jbnb.2018.91007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2019.3608"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","first-page":"1","volume":"46","author":"Maia A. L.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Colegio Bras. Cirur."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.8.FOCUS19438"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burnso.2019.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2018.0790"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","first-page":"1","volume":"87","author":"Oliveira G. M. D.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Enfermagem Atual."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2018.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.86.1.0143"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","unstructured":"US 2\u00a0005\u00a0042\u00a0263 A1 Dura substitute and a process for producing the same Issued 2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","unstructured":"510(k) Premarket Notification: DURA REPLACEMENT DEVICES 2012 https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpmn\/pmn.cfm?ID=K113071. (accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1793-5482.179645"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000065388"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000069378"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000123616"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-86502007000300004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-86502009000300014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2011.564486"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1679-45082012000400011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_86_1","author":"Dolhi N.","year":"2023","journal-title":"NIH \u2013 Tympanic Membr. Perforation"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2059513120940503","volume":"6","author":"Shanks L. A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scars, Burns, Heal."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life10090212"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2019.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_90_1","first-page":"121","volume":"31","author":"Oliveira M. H.","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.23658"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13548"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burnso.2021.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_94_1","first-page":"79","volume":"32","author":"Silva L. G.","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43440-021-00220-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2021.09.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2021.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15060683"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12091395"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2021.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13674"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_102_1","volume":"2022","author":"Pan X.","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Evidence\u2010Based Complementary Altern. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2022.68.3.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2021.106192"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.26236"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_106_1","first-page":"55","volume":"2","author":"Sampattavanich N.","year":"2023","journal-title":"R. Thai Army Med. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13050416"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.14492"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/acb392924"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_110_1","unstructured":"Dermafill Website 2009 https:\/\/www.dermafill.com\/index.html(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_111_1","unstructured":"510(k) Premarket Notification: XYLOS POROUS SURGICAL MESH 2009 https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpmn\/pmn.cfm?ID=K090880(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_112_1","unstructured":"510(k) Premarket Notification: XYLOS SURGICAL MESH 2003 https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpmn\/pmn.cfm?ID=K023237(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_113_1","unstructured":"510(k) Premarket Notification: XYLOS XCELL ANTIMICROBIAL DRESSING 2003 https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpmn\/pmn.cfm?ID=K024054(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_114_1","unstructured":"510(k) Premarket Notification: X\u2010CELL WOUND DRESSING 1998 https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpmn\/pmn.cfm?ID=K974251(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_115_1","unstructured":"510(k) Premarket Notification: MTA PROTECTIVE SHEET https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpmn\/pmn.cfm?ID=K090778(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_116_1","unstructured":"510(k) Premarket Notification: SECURIAN TISSUE REINFORCEMENT MATRIX https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpmn\/pmn.cfm?ID=K083823(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_117_1","unstructured":"510(k) Premarket Notification: XYLOS VESSEL GUARD 2010 https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpmn\/pmn.cfm?ID=K100984(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_118_1","unstructured":"Nanoderm Website 2020 https:\/\/axcelonbp.com(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_119_1","unstructured":"GANA R&D Website 2013 http:\/\/www.ganarnd.co.kr\/kwa\u2010790716(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_120_1","unstructured":"PTT Website https:\/\/www.pttplc.com\/en\/Products\/Ourbusinessbypttplc\/Technologyandengineeringunit\/Technologyandengineering\/Pttinis\u2010Product\/Content\u201026910.aspx(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_121_1","unstructured":"CocoPatch Website https:\/\/cocopatch.ca\/advantages\/(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_122_1","unstructured":"Ardor Biomed Website https:\/\/ardorbiomed.com\/Productdetail\/2(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_123_1","unstructured":"D. Biotech Website https:\/\/dyamed.com\/bionext\u2010dressing\/(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_124_1","unstructured":"G.E.M. International Website 2021 https:\/\/gemint\u2010co.com(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_125_1","unstructured":"Fedelta website 2021 https:\/\/fedeltasalud.com\/membrana\u2010microfibrilar\u2010de\u2010biocelulosa\/(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_126_1","unstructured":"Biovico Website https:\/\/biovico.com\/science\/biocellulose(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_127_1","unstructured":"Lohmann and Rauscher Website https:\/\/lohmann\u2010rauscher.co.uk\/products\/woundcare\/suprasorb\u2010range\/suprasorb\u2010x\u2010and\u2010x\u2010phmb(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_128_1","unstructured":"D. P. Synthes Website https:\/\/www.jnjmedtech.com\/en\u2010US\/product\/synthecel\u2010dura\u2010repair(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_129_1","unstructured":"EPIPROTECT website https:\/\/epiprotect.se(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_130_1","unstructured":"QRSKIN website https:\/\/www.qrskin.com\/products\/epicite\u2010hydro\/properties.html(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_131_1","unstructured":"Vuelo Pharma website https:\/\/www.vuelopharma.com\/en\/home\u2010en\/(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_132_1","unstructured":"Essity website https:\/\/medical.essity.co.za\/brands\/wound\u2010care\u2010vascular\/category\u2010product\u2010search\/cutimed\/re\u2010epithelialisation\/cuticellr\u2010epigraft.html(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_133_1","unstructured":"510(K) Premarket Notification: Bios King Biocellulose Film 2015 https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpmn\/pmn.cfm?ID=K141382(June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119583"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_135_1","unstructured":"AxCell Labs website https:\/\/axcell\u2010labs.com\/en\/home\/(June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_136_1","unstructured":"BioSmart Nanotechnology website https:\/\/www.biosmartnano.com(accessed: June2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-3910(97)00197-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119583"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_139_1","unstructured":"https:\/\/drks.de\/search\/en\/trial\/DRKS00019951 (accessed: April2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_140_1","first-page":"407","volume":"77","author":"Rebello C.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Cir."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_141_1","first-page":"25","volume":"47","author":"Novaes A.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Odontol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_142_1","first-page":"29","volume":"47","author":"Novaes A.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Odontol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_143_1","first-page":"347","volume":"16","author":"Cospite M.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Minerva Angiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_144_1","first-page":"536","volume":"7","author":"Novaes A.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_145_1","first-page":"27","volume":"8","author":"Kucharzewski M.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Przeg Flebolog"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1621462"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_147_1","first-page":"A36","volume":"18","author":"Alvarez O.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_148_1","unstructured":"Medical Device Coordination Group MDCG 2022\u20135 \u2013 Guidance on Borderline Between Medical Devices and Medicinal Products Under Regulation (EU) 2017\/745 On Medical Devices."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_149_1","unstructured":"Medical Device Coordination Group MDCG 2021\u201324 \u2013 Guidance on classification of medical devices."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_150_1","unstructured":"Manual on Borderline and Classification under Regulations (EU) 2017\/745 and 2017\/746 v3 2023."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_151_1","unstructured":"Regulation (EU) No 536\/2014 of the European Parliament 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_152_1","unstructured":"Directive 2001\/83\/EC of the European Parliament 2001."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_153_1","unstructured":"Regulation (EC) No 1223\/2009 of the European Parliament 2009."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_154_1","unstructured":"Regulation (EU) 2017\/746 of the European Parliament 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_155_1","unstructured":"Regulation (EU) No 528\/2012 of the European Parliament."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17435390902725914"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-010-0389-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_158_1","unstructured":"Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks Opinion on the Guidance on the Determination of Potential Health Effects of Nanomaterials Used in Medical Devices 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17435390902725914"}],"container-title":["Advanced Healthcare Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adhm.202502189","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T12:05:41Z","timestamp":1761048341000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adhm.202502189"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]]},"references-count":159,"journal-issue":{"issue":"27","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adhm.202502189"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adhm.202502189","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-2640","2192-2659"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-2640","type":"print"},{"value":"2192-2659","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e02189"}}