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While conventional bioprinting enables the fabrication of static, complex geometries, this study introduces a novel 4D bioprinting strategy that allows for the autonomous transformation of flat constructs into anatomically curved shapes, closely mimicking native corneal architecture. By engineering a concentration\u2010dependent swelling gradient in gelatin methacrylate (Gel\u2010MA), controlled, directional folding is achieved through differential cross\u2010linking, enabling spatiotemporally programmed shape morphing. To further enhance architectural precision and structural integrity, geometric patterning is integrated using decellularized corneal matrix (DCM). Despite its resistance to swelling\u2010induced folding, DCM contributed mechanical reinforcement through the printed honeycomb\u2010like microarchitecture. These geometric motifs acted as stress\u2010distributing units, significantly enhancing the construct's ability to withstand physiological forces. Incorporating all of these innovations, a self\u2010curving, multi\u2010material corneal equivalent construct is fabricated by adopting a hybrid architectural strategy, combining material properties with structural organization to create dynamic curvature while preserving mechanical integrity. This work paves the way for a new direction in 4D bioprinting by integrating material gradients, geometric patterning, and shape\u2010programmed design, enabling the replication of complex tissue curvatures without the need for molds or external manipulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202502721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T14:53:49Z","timestamp":1761663229000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["4D Bioprinting of Self\u2010Morphed Corneal Equivalents Using Smart Hybrid Hydrogels"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Anwesha","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad  Kandi Sangareddy Telangana 502284 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaideep","family":"Adhikari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad  Kandi Sangareddy Telangana 502284 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soham","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad  Kandi Sangareddy Telangana 502284 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashis Kumar","family":"Bera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad  Kandi Sangareddy Telangana 502284 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lubna","family":"Zeenat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad  Kandi Sangareddy Telangana 502284 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aditya Dev","family":"Rajora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad  Kandi Sangareddy Telangana 502284 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Ocular Regeneration Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre L.V. 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