{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T10:09:25Z","timestamp":1789726165687,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759017600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62127810"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62127810"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007567","name":"City University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["9680347"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9680347"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007567","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007567","name":"City University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["9610608"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9610608"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007567","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007567","name":"City University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["9680103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9680103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007567","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Adv Healthcare Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Neural electrodes, as core components of brain\u2010computer interfaces(BCIs), face critical challenges in achieving stable mechanical coupling with brain tissue to ensure high\u2010quality signal acquisition. Current flexible electrodes, including semi\u2010invasive meningeal\u2010attached types and implantable cantilever designs, exhibit significant mechanical mismatches (elastic modulus 5\u20136 orders higher than brain tissue) due to material\/structural limitations, leading to interfacial slippage. While thread\u2010like implants (e.g., Neuralink's electrodes) improve compliance via elongated structures, quantitative characterization of mechano\u2010bioelectric interactions remains unexplored. This study proposes a bioelectromechanical coupling strategy, emphasizing synchronized motion between the electrode and the brain tissue through exposed\u2010end deformation. A 4\u2010channel ultra\u2010flexible electrode (40\u00a0mm in length, 164\u00a0\u00b5m in width, and 3\u00a0\u00b5m in thickness) is optimized using finite\u2010element simulations and zero relative\u2010motion criteria, achieving an equivalent stiffness of 0.023 N\u00a0m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2014matching brain tissue micromotion stiffness. A nanorobotic manipulator installed inside a scanning electron microscope(SEM) with an atomic force microscope(AFM) cantilever enabled precision characterization under the simulated displacement of 25\u00a0\u00b5m, revealing interfacial forces of 575 nN and piezoresistive sensitivities of 6.4 pA\u00a0mm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    (length) and 10.2 pA\u00a0\u00b5m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    (displacement). The dual\u2010functionality (signal acquisition and micromotion sensing) electrodes demonstrate breakthrough potential, establishing quantitative design standards for next\u2010generation bioelectronic implants.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202503101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T06:48:22Z","timestamp":1759128502000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["An Ultra\u2010Flexible Neural Electrode with Bioelectromechanical Compatibility and Brain Micromotion Detection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3113-8967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donglei","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China"},{"name":"Centre for Robotics and Automation City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrative Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 201203 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Soochow University Suzhou 215137 China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Embodied Intelligence Robot Technology Soochow University Suzhou 215137 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China"},{"name":"Centre for Robotics and Automation City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zejie","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China"},{"name":"Centre for Robotics and Automation City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuideng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China"},{"name":"Centre for Robotics and Automation City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China"},{"name":"Centre for Robotics and Automation City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingxing","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China"},{"name":"Centre for Robotics and Automation City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqing","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China"},{"name":"Centre for Robotics and Automation City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrative Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai 201203 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Soochow University Suzhou 215137 China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Embodied Intelligence Robot Technology Soochow University Suzhou 215137 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8816-4944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lixin","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China"},{"name":"Centre for Robotics and Automation City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2003.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2021.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2006.08.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13534-016-0235-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42860-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00542-010-1152-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201801649"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41378-022-00464-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41528-025-00410-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5b01060"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-53720-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","volume":"21","author":"Musk E.","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med. Int. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41378-024-00691-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5405\/jmbe.1444"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/2\/4\/006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/j100204a044"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","unstructured":"M.Najberg Ph.D. dissertation Universit\u00b4ed'Angers Angers France2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0126(200009)49:9<1021::AID-PI522>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/3\/3\/001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-1330-7"}],"container-title":["Advanced Healthcare Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adhm.202503101","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/adhm.202503101","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adhm.202503101","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T11:13:16Z","timestamp":1771240396000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adhm.202503101"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adhm.202503101"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adhm.202503101","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-2640","2192-2659"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-2640","type":"print"},{"value":"2192-2659","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e03101"}}