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To address this, we engineered an absorbable bacterial cellulose (BC)\u2010based composite dural substitute via microbial synergism, combining strontium\u2010doped hydroxyapatite (Sr\u2010HAp) biomimetic mineralization with cellulase enzymatic functionalization. A sustainable alternating assembly technique yielded gradient mineralization, constructing a multilayered micro\u2010nano architecture within the BC matrix. With ceramic content tuned from 52.7% to 82.7%, the BC\u2010SrHAp membrane exhibited remarkable mechanical enhancement, 578%\u20131172% higher compressive strength and 9.4%\u201358.4% greater tensile strength than pure BC. The rationally designed 3D nano\u2010network architecture reinforces BC fibers while retarding degradation kinetics, enabling controlled release of Sr\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ions. The sustained ion elution boosted fibroblast activity (enhanced by 8.0%\u201310.1%), migration (enhanced by 18.2%\u201322.7%), and osteoblast proliferation (enhanced by 3.2%\u201316.8%). Moreover, the dense mineralized mesh reduced CSF leakage by 12.8%, surpassing clinical sealing thresholds. Crucially, cellulase enabled degradation\u2010regeneration coupling, ensuring material resorption aligned with tissue repair kinetics. Comprehensive evaluation confirms the BC\u2010SrHAp6\u2010Cel3 composite membrane's potential as an artificial dural material, effectively balancing structural support, controlled degradation, biological activity, and cerebrospinal fluid shielding properties. Its balanced performance underscores high translational potential for complex dural reconstructions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202504744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T05:16:14Z","timestamp":1775452574000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Biomimetic Mineralization and Enzymatic Tailoring of Bacterial Cellulose Towards Degradable, Mechanically Adaptive Substitutes with Enhanced Bioactivity and Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier Properties"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials Zhejiang\u2010Japan Joint Laboratory for Antibacterial and Antifouling 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