{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T21:42:08Z","timestamp":1792186928617,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019573","name":"Amsterdam University Medical Centers","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Fellowship2027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Fellowship2027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019573","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Adv Healthcare Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Germinal centers (GCs) are specialized sites within secondary lymphoid organs where B cells expand, are selected, and mature to produce high\u2010quality antibodies. Their structural complexity makes them difficult to model in vitro.\u00a0Here, we developed a human 3D lymphoid culture system combining lymphoid and stromal cells to better mimic GC environments than conventional 2D cultures. Tonsil cells were cultured with or without fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) in 2D or 3D hydrogels and stimulated with viral antigens or vaccines. FRC\u2010supported 3D cultures significantly improved B and T cell survival and promoted reaggregation into follicle\u2010like structures with. 3D FRC\u2010supported co\u2010cultures higher levels of antigen\u2010specific antibodies, increased frequencies of S\u2010 or HA\u2010specific B cells, and enhanced differentiation into antibody\u2010secreting cells. Importantly, these cultures also showed reduced cell death and lower bystander activation and CXCR4 and CXCR5 expression on CD27\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD38\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    B cells indicated GC\u2010like polarization. Autologous and allogeneic FRCs performed comparably, supporting the scalability of the model for high\u2010throughput applications. This 3D platform offers a more physiologically relevant system for studying human GC\u2010associated immune responses and may facilitate mechanistic research and screening of vaccine immunogens and adjuvants in a controlled laboratory setting.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202504886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T08:44:07Z","timestamp":1776329047000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Enhanced Human Antigen\u2010Specific B Cell Responses Using In Vitro 3D Tonsil Cultures Containing Stromal Cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0235-0632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maaike V. 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Marieke","family":"van Ham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanquin  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2444-6050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jelle","family":"de Wit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre For Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines Department of Immune Mechanisms National Institute for Public Health and the Environment  Bilthoven The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1995-8641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9cile A. C. 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