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However, its low brightness, short half\u2010life, and lack of targeting specificity significantly limit broader clinical applications. Herein, we report a NIR fluorescent probe, ICG@Apt\u2010PD1, for the preclinical in vivo imaging of tumor\u2010infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This probe was synthesized by covalently conjugating a derivative of ICG to the pendant sulfhydryl group of a PD1\u2010targeting aptamer (Apt\u2010PD1). ICG@Apt\u2010PD1 possesses an extended plasma half\u2010life, high biocompatibility, and is metabolized via both hepatic and renal pathways, allowing for rapid clearance and reduced potential toxicity. Owing to its high brightness, photostability, and excellent tissue penetration, the probe enables high\u2010quality NIR\u2010II imaging of lymph nodes and permits the identification of inflammatory foci within a specific post\u2010injection time window. Moreover, the probe achieves specific targeting of TILs through interaction with PD\u20101 receptors, thereby showcasing its strong potential for non\u2010invasive in vivo imaging of TILs. Consequently, ICG@Apt\u2010PD1 holds considerable promise for clinical translation in NIR\u2010II imaging of lymph nodes, inflammatory foci, and TILs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202505668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T04:09:06Z","timestamp":1773029346000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Dual\u2010Metabolic NIR\u2010II Probe for In Vivo Imaging of Tumor\u2010Infiltrating Lymphocytes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yike","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University  Fuzhou P. R. 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