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Real\u2010time, quantitative in vivo detection of this early interaction could help identify individuals most likely to benefit from immunomodulatory therapies. To achieve this, we analyzed single\u2010cell RNA sequencing data from brain tissue and identified E\u2010selectin (\n                    <jats:italic>Sele<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) as one of the earliest adhesion molecules selectively upregulated in activated endothelial cells with a venous\u2010like transcriptional signature. We then developed iron oxide microparticles targeting E\u2010selectin, designed to mimic neutrophil adhesion and to function as MRI probes for early endothelial activation. Within seconds of injection, these probes adhered to inflamed vessels in models of LPS\u2010induced neuroinflammation and ischemic stroke, allowing rapid emergency imaging. We observed an MRI\u2010detectable signal as early as 4 h following LPS stimulation and 8 h post\u2010stroke. This binding was significantly associated with neutrophil infiltration, but not with lesion volume, blood\u2010brain barrier disruption, or the accumulation of T cells and monocyte\u2010derived cells. These findings demonstrate its specificity for neutrophil\u2010driven inflammation and its relevance as a biomarker of ultra\u2010early immune activation. These results suggest that neutrophil\u2010mimetic MRI probes could represent a promising approach for detecting the initial phase of stroke\u2010induced inflammation and for guiding personalized immunomodulatory strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.71325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T03:56:38Z","timestamp":1780977398000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neutrophil\u2010Mimetic MRI Enables Ultra\u2010Early Detection of Vascular Inflammation After Stroke"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Marion Isabelle","family":"Morvan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen\u2010Normandie (BB@C) INSERM UMR\u2010S U1237 Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND) GIP Cyceron UNICAEN, Universit\u00e9 Caen Normandie Normandie University  Caen 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