{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T17:10:06Z","timestamp":1789665006896,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"29","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782518400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371975"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371975"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Adv Healthcare Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) carries a high risk of recurrence due to residual tumors and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This study identifies that incomplete RFA activates the JAK2\/STAT3 pathway in tumor\u2010associated neutrophils (TANs), polarizing them toward immunosuppressive phenotypes. In vitro, icaritin (ICT) inhibits TAN survival and migration, and reverses the immunosuppressive phenotype by suppressing STAT3 phosphorylation. To enable localized delivery, we developed an injectable hydrogel (HP@ICT) by\u00a0leveraging the interfacial complexation of hydroxypropyl\u2010\u03b2\u2010cyclodextrin and the thermosensitive gelation of poloxamer 407. It is injected via the ablation needle into the residual cavity and undergoes in situ gelation, overcoming post\u2010ablation drug delivery barriers to enable sustained release of ICT. In vivo, HP@ICT effectively suppresses immunosuppressive TANs, reduces the proportion of PMN\u2010MDSCs, and promotes the infiltration and activation of CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells without systemic toxicity. The hydrogel co\u2010delivering ICT and PD\u2010L1 inhibitor synergistically eliminates residual tumors and liver metastases post\u2010RFA by inducing systemic anti\u2010tumor immunity. Multi\u2010omics analyses reveal complementary mechanisms of ICT, which inhibits PD\u2010L1 expression in TANs, disrupts TAN\u2010tumor adhesion, and suppresses unsaturated fatty acid metabolism. Overall, with accessible materials and seamless integration with RFA, this strategy optimizes RFA efficacy, providing a safe and translational solution for HCC recurrence.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.71386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T08:28:49Z","timestamp":1782548929000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Injectable Thermosensitive Hydrogel Targeting STAT3 Reprograms Neutrophils to Amplify Anti\u2010Tumor Immunity Post\u2010Radiofrequency Ablation in HCC"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Zhuhai Guangdong 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