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Modulating macrophage polarization and osteoblast responses through surface topography and chemistry has emerged as an effective strategy for improving titanium alloy implants. In this study, boron\u2010containing hierarchical porous ceramic coatings were fabricated on the low\u2010modulus Ti\u201019Zr\u201010Nb\u20101Fe alloy using a one\u2010step micro\u2010arc oxidation process. The pore topography, surface roughness, wettability, and boron release kinetics were regulated by adjusting the applied voltage. Among the tested coatings, the M300V exhibited stronger coating adhesion and improved corrosion resistance. In vitro, the M300V coating promoted osteoblast proliferation and differentiation and induced macrophage polarization toward an M2\u2010like phenotype. Macrophage\u2010conditioned medium from the M300V group further enhanced osteoblast differentiation, indicating a beneficial immunomodulatory effect on osteogenesis. These responses were accompanied by increased expression of osteogenesis\u2010related markers, including RUNX2, COL1, and OCN. In a rat femoral condyle model, the M300V coating reduced early inflammatory responses, suppressed osteoclast activity, and improved osseointegration. These findings suggest that the improved biological performance of the M300V coating may result from the combined effects of favorable boron release kinetics and hierarchical porous microstructures, providing a promising surface modification strategy for bone\u2010interfacing titanium alloy implants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.71440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T07:45:18Z","timestamp":1783755918000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Novel Strategy for Achieving Immunomodulation and Osseointegration of Titanium Alloys: Boron\u2010Doped Porous Coating Modification"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Xinwei","family":"Ming","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou International Innovation Institute Beihang University  Hangzhou China"},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiquan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou International Innovation Institute Beihang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingtong","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University: Changhai Hospital  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine  Cangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boyang","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou International Innovation Institute Beihang University  Hangzhou China"},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2138-8396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziyue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuixue","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co., Ltd.  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