{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:44:38Z","timestamp":1791870278610,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFD1800904"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFD1800904"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Adv Healthcare Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus suis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and extraintestinal pathogenic\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    (ExPEC) cause severe swine infections and major economic losses worldwide. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and polymicrobial interactions complicate disease control. Existing vaccine strategies are insufficient to provide broad cross\u2010serotype protection against\n                    <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains while simultaneously combating ExPEC infections. We developed a bivalent vaccine platform that integrates bacterial ghost (BG) technology with surface antigen display. By utilizing the porcine ExPEC strain PU\u20101 as a carrier, which could cause acute sepsis in mouse infection model. Using an Lpp\u2019\u2010OmpA surface display system, we constructed recombinant BGs derived from\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    that express a multi\u2010epitope antigen against\n                    <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MEAS 1), while retaining native\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    antigenic components as the immunogen against ExPEC. Administration of this vaccine induced robust cellular and humoral immune responses specific to both\n                    <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The vaccine demonstrated dual protection: 70%\u201390% survival against\n                    <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (serotypes 2\/9) and 70% against ExPEC challenge in mouse model. Porcine trials demonstrated a significant reduction in bacteremia and provided effective protection against pathogenic challenges. This platform offers a potential solution for preventing infections caused by\n                    <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and ExPEC.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.71838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T04:50:19Z","timestamp":1791867019000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dual\u2010Pathogen Defense: Engineering an ExPEC Ghost to Display Protective Epitopes of\n                    <i>Streptococcus suis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Jianan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering Hebei University of Engineering  Handan China"},{"name":"WOAH Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinming","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"WOAH Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"WOAH Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"WOAH Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"WOAH Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caiying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"WOAH Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simin","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"WOAH Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhonghao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"WOAH Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinchu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinli","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Control of Animal Original Zoonosis of Fujian Province University College of Life Science Longyan University  Longyan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cuiqin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Control of Animal Original Zoonosis of Fujian Province University College of Life Science Longyan University  Longyan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8149-1486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinhu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2163-9247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiale","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"WOAH Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000554","article-title":"Feral Swine Virome is Dominated by Single\u2010Stranded DNA Viruses and Contains a Novel Orthopneumovirus Which Circulates Both in Feral and Domestic Swine","volume":"97","author":"Hause B. 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H.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Research in Veterinary Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1008131","article-title":"Comparative Study of Subcutaneous, Intramuscular, and Oral Administration of Bovine Pathogenic Escherichia coli Bacterial Ghost Vaccine in Mice","volume":"13","author":"Mu J.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-020-00867-w","article-title":"Design, Development, and Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Nucleic Acid\u2010Free Version of a Bacterial Ghost Candidate Vaccine Against Avian Pathogenic E. coli (APEC) O78:K80 Serotype","volume":"51","author":"Soleymani S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108830","article-title":"Preferential Use of Carbon Central Metabolism and Anaerobic Respiratory Chains in Porcine Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli During Bloodstream Infection","volume":"249","author":"Ma J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Veterinary Microbiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-024-01015-7","article-title":"A Multi\u2010Epitope Subunit Vaccine Providing Broad Cross\u2010Protection Against Diverse Serotypes of Streptococcus suis","volume":"9","author":"Liu J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1138801","article-title":"Porcine Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Delivers Two Serine Protease Autotransporters Coordinately Optimizing the Bloodstream Infection","volume":"13","author":"Pan X.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2015.03.011","article-title":"Efficient Production of Safety\u2010Enhanced Escherichia coli Ghosts by Tandem Expression of PhiX 174 Mutant Gene E and Staphylococcal Nuclease A Gene","volume":"176","author":"Zhu W.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microbiological Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-009-9147-y","article-title":"Generation of Vibrio anguillarum Ghost by Coexpression of PhiX 174 Lysis E Gene and Staphylococcal Nuclease A Gene","volume":"42","author":"Kwon S. 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