{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T23:37:25Z","timestamp":1793317045062,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,22]],"date-time":"2019-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553212800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,22]],"date-time":"2018-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1521676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004204","name":"Tongji University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004204","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51602222"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51602222"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51632001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51632001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ECCS\u20101610806"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECCS\u20101610806"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lithium metal anodes are potentially key for next\u2010generation energy\u2010dense batteries because of the extremely high capacity and the ultralow redox potential. However, notorious safety concerns of Li metal in liquid electrolytes have significantly retarded its commercialization: on one hand, lithium metal morphological instabilities (LMI) can cause cell shorting and even explosion; on the other hand, breaking of the grown Li arms induces the so\u2010called \u201cdead Li\u201d; furthermore, the continuous consumption of the liquid electrolyte and cycleable lithium also shortens cell life. The research community has been seeking new strategies to protect Li metal anodes and significant progress has been made in the last decade. Here, an overview of the fundamental understandings of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation, conceptual models, and advanced real\u2010time characterizations of LMI are presented. Instructed by the conceptual models, strategies including increasing the donatable fluorine concentration (DFC) in liquid to enrich LiF component in SEI, increasing salt concentration (ionic strength) and sacrificial electrolyte additives, building artificial SEI to boost self\u2010healing of natural SEI, and 3D electrode frameworks to reduce current density and delay Sand's extinction are summarized. Practical challenges in competing with graphite and silicon anodes are outlined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201706375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,23]],"date-time":"2018-03-23T00:50:41Z","timestamp":1521766241000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":474,"title":["Developing High\u2010Performance Lithium Metal Anode in Liquid Electrolytes: Challenges and Progress"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Sa","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University  Shanghai 201804 China"},{"name":"Institute of New Energy for Vehicles Tongji University  Shanghai 201804 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengwen","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University  Shanghai 201804 China"},{"name":"Institute of New Energy for Vehicles Tongji University  Shanghai 201804 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University  Shanghai 201804 China"},{"name":"Institute of New Energy for Vehicles Tongji University  Shanghai 201804 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University  Shanghai 201804 China"},{"name":"Institute of New Energy for Vehicles Tongji University  Shanghai 201804 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyao","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University  Shanghai 201804 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7841-8058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ju","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology  Cambridge MA 02139 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11475"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1557\/mrs.2014.62"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35104644"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2016.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3191"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2014.10.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786440109462590"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7753(98)00242-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2016.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6EE02685K"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2017.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6EE01674J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm901452z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1837858"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA00069C"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7SC01961K"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1713333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.2407470"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.2128859"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2738(02)00080-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/2.1441707jes"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2017.04.163"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.5b03358"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"191","volume":"3","author":"Cheng X. B.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja305366r"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.5b04082"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1712895115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7EE01898C"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201504848"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp506567p"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coelec.2017.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nenergy.2016.114"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2017.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nenergy.2016.111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.5b00112"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.42.7355"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.68.2492"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.48.1279"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-4686(97)10055-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensm.2016.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2513"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1606686"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1710893"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.1850854"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/2.0661702jes"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep02113"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat4105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2010.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1615733114"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10146"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp309321w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jz500207a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CP05786D"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1701246"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.86.051609"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2015.09.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4905341"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.057304jes"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2014.08.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2017.08.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr030203g"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","first-page":"1939","volume":"21","author":"Placke T.","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Solid. State Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep03815"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.7b04247"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.7b00300"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7362"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201401792"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.6b10774"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201700032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6b15383"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7EE00398F"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2017.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201600400"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","unstructured":"S.Zhang M. J.Nava D. G.Nocera C. C.Cummins unpublished."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201605989"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2017.04.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja312241y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00519-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201707754"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nenergy.2017.119"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201700260"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8436"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensm.2017.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2014.152"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6b14560"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b00181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b13314"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-017-1498-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201606422"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201703729"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6b01581"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2016.12.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201700783"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA05997C"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nenergy.2016.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201702714"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2017.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2017.129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201700348"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15806"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-0728(96)04870-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_105_1","volume-title":"229th ECS Meeting","author":"Liu D. X.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_106_1","volume-title":"232nd ECS Meeting","author":"Kuo L. M.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201606187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6b03016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7753(98)00128-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-7753(98)00241-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.2750439"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2008.09.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CP05865H"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.3622348"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elecom.2011.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_116_1","volume-title":"PRiME Meeting","author":"Motoyama M.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coche.2016.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2011.161"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep03227"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.5b03812"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2013.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201200024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl404577c"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1195628"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_125_1","first-page":"19","volume":"98","author":"Liu X. H.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3643035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl403402q"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1431927614000488"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.5b00175"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nenergy.2016.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.7b01414"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00641-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.7b07218"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat4089"}],"container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fadma.201706375","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.201706375","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/adma.201706375","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/am-pdf\/10.1002\/adma.201706375","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.201706375","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T11:06:13Z","timestamp":1759748773000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adma.201706375"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,22]]},"references-count":134,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adma.201706375"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.201706375","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0935-9648","1521-4095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0935-9648","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-11-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-03-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"1706375"}}