{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T20:34:17Z","timestamp":1792442057537,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,16]],"date-time":"2019-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555372800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]],"date-time":"2018-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000015","name":"U.S. Department of Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE\u2010AC02\u201005CH11231"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE\u2010AC02\u201005CH11231"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003569","name":"Ministry of Food and Drug Safety","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16163KKMFDS001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16163KKMFDS001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Drug monitoring plays crucial roles in doping control and precision medicine. It helps physicians tailor drug dosage for optimal benefits, track patients' compliance to prescriptions, and understand the complex pharmacokinetics of drugs. Conventional drug tests rely on invasive blood draws. While urine and sweat are attractive alternative biofluids, the state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art methods require separate sample collection and processing steps and fail to provide real\u2010time information. Here, a wearable platform equipped with an electrochemical differential pulse voltammetry sensing module for drug monitoring is presented. A methylxanthine drug, caffeine, is selected to demonstrate the platform's functionalities. Sweat caffeine levels are monitored under various conditions, such as drug doses and measurement time after drug intake. Elevated sweat caffeine levels upon increasing dosage and confirmable caffeine physiological trends are observed. This work leverages a wearable sweat sensing platform toward noninvasive and continuous point\u2010of\u2010care drug monitoring and management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201707442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]],"date-time":"2018-04-16T23:49:11Z","timestamp":1523922551000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":299,"title":["Methylxanthine Drug Monitoring with Wearable Sweat Sensors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Li\u2010Chia","family":"Tai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8503-4562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minghan","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mallika","family":"Bariya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quynh P.","family":"Ngo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziba","family":"Shahpar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hnin Y. Y.","family":"Nyein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyejin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Printed Electronics Engineering Sunchon National University  255 Jungang\u2010ro Suncheon\u2010si Jeollanam\u2010do 57922 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junfeng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Printed Electronics Engineering Sunchon National University  255 Jungang\u2010ro Suncheon\u2010si Jeollanam\u2010do 57922 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Younsu","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Printed Electronics Engineering Sunchon National University  255 Jungang\u2010ro Suncheon\u2010si Jeollanam\u2010do 57922 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hossain M.","family":"Fahad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Der\u2010Hsien","family":"Lien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Ota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gyoujin","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Printed Electronics Engineering Sunchon National University  255 Jungang\u2010ro Suncheon\u2010si Jeollanam\u2010do 57922 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Javey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of California  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"},{"name":"Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  Berkeley CA 94720 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7456.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2009.01006.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.12.2027"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.5.1621S"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.226"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/32.8.530"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200140030-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.04.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/24.7.509"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12260784"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2009.02.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/20.6.393"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4736"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16521"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3711"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat2835"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6032"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.7b00247"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1701740114"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.6b00287"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b04005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11650"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.6b00356"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaf2593"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2016.38"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2013.11.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac401573r"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1250169"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2011.184"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat1891"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12314"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1206157"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2008.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c0an00357c"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-2670(01)00942-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-011-0635-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2003.12.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000166828.94699.1d"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980010000509"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsn.5.s1.s84"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1998.85.2.709"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1991.tb05553.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep17707"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2008.174"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/27.7.520"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1995.78.3.867"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00187.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00315209"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-0801(200012)14:8<505::AID-BMC17>3.0.CO;2-7"}],"container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fadma.201707442","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.201707442","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/adma.201707442","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/am-pdf\/10.1002\/adma.201707442","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.201707442","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T09:31:08Z","timestamp":1759743068000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adma.201707442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adma.201707442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.201707442","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0935-9648","1521-4095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0935-9648","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-12-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-04-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"1707442"}}