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Heretofore, only a few attempts have been made to apply it in physical, chemical, and biological therapy for cancer. In this study, a tumor\u2010targeting RGD\u2010HBc VLP is first fabricated through genetic engineering. For image\u2010guided cancer phototherapy, indocyanine green (ICG) is loaded into RGD\u2010HBc VLP via a disassembly\/reassembly pathway and electrostatic attraction with high efficiency. The self\u2010assembled stable RGD\u2010HBc VLP significantly improves body retention (fourfold longer), aqueous stability, and target specificity of ICG. Remarkably, these positive reformations promote more accurate and sensitive imaging of U87MG tumor, as well as prolonged tumor destruction in comparison with free ICG. Moreover, the photothermal and photodynamic effect on tumors are quantitatively differentiated by multiple linear regression analysis. Overall, less\u2010potent medicinal ICG can be perfectly rescued by bioengineered HBc VLP to realize enhanced cancer optotheranostics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201707567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,22]],"date-time":"2018-05-22T04:28:09Z","timestamp":1526963289000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":160,"title":["Improved Stable Indocyanine Green (ICG)\u2010Mediated Cancer Optotheranostics with Naturalized Hepatitis B Core Particles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Shan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomaterials Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface College of Materials Xiamen University  Xiamen 361005 P. R. 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