{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T06:31:37Z","timestamp":1789972297069,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]],"date-time":"2019-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PZ00P2_167900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PZ00P2_167900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003071","name":"Adolphe Merkle Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A new concept for the design of self\u2010toughening thermoplastic polymers is presented. The approach involves the incorporation of plasticizer\u2010filled microcapsules (MCs) in an intrinsically rigid and brittle matrix polymer. The intriguing adaptability that this simple tactic enables is demonstrated with composites composed of a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix and 5\u201320% w\/w poly(urea\u2010formaldehyde) (PUF) MCs that contained hexyl acetate as plasticizer. At low strain (&lt;1.5%), the glassy PLA\/MC composites remain rigid, although the intact MCs reduce the Young's modulus and tensile strength by up to 50%. While the neat PLA shows brittle failure at a strain of around 2.5%, the composites yield in this regime, because the MCs rupture and release their plasticizing cargo. This effect leads up to 25\u2010fold increase of the elongation at break and 20\u2010fold increase of the toughness vis\u2010\u00e0\u2010vis the neat PLA, while the impact on modulus and ultimate stress is much smaller. Ballistic impact tests show that the self\u2010toughening mechanism also works at much higher strain rates than applied in tensile tests and the operating mechanism is corroborated through systematic thermomechanical studies that involved dynamic mechanical testing and thermal analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201807212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,25]],"date-time":"2019-01-25T02:46:28Z","timestamp":1548384388000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Bio\u2010Inspired, Self\u2010Toughening Polymers Enabled by Plasticizer\u2010Releasing Microcapsules"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Worarin","family":"Meesorn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Adolphe Merkle Institute University of Fribourg  Chemin des Verdiers 4 CH\u20101700 Fribourg Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Calvino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adolphe Merkle Institute University of Fribourg  Chemin des Verdiers 4 CH\u20101700 Fribourg Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens C.","family":"Natterodt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adolphe Merkle Institute University of Fribourg  Chemin des Verdiers 4 CH\u20101700 Fribourg Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin O.","family":"Zoppe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adolphe Merkle Institute University of Fribourg  Chemin des Verdiers 4 CH\u20101700 Fribourg Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7183-1790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Weder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adolphe Merkle Institute University of Fribourg  Chemin des Verdiers 4 CH\u20101700 Fribourg Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-3182\/8\/1\/013001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat2614"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5CS00477B"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.7b01607"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C0JM02383C"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00168"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1045389X12461722"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/12\/1\/011001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201410139"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200900622"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1153307"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/am303160j"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/am404382x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","first-page":"161","volume":"12","author":"Cousins W. J.","year":"1978","journal-title":"Water Sci. Technol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology","author":"Mark H. F.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/am9006337"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/B916130A"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4492(81)90076-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.199.8.1817"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0945-053X(96)90151-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ma201014n"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2004.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200906266"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201410778"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b910673a"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07970"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b05797"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201802489"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201704603"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35057232"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2015.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201101574"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.1995.tb00168.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-3910(02)00372-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1541-4337.2010.00126.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2013.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2015.10.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma10080850"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/app.12549"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ta12555f"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.6b00321"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2016.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15583724.2017.1287726"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02652040309178083"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0032-3861(88)90116-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-3057(01)00166-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pen.10799"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymertesting.2007.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12393-009-9009-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201205226"}],"container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fadma.201807212","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.201807212","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/adma.201807212","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.201807212","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T17:25:20Z","timestamp":1759771520000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adma.201807212"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adma.201807212"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.201807212","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0935-9648","1521-4095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0935-9648","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-11-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-01-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"1807212"}}