{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T06:26:24Z","timestamp":1792045584225,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]],"date-time":"2019-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Basic Research Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2015CB351903"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015CB351903"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21875235"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21875235"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21474095"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21474095"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002367","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QYZDB\u2010SSW\u2010SLH018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QYZDB\u2010SSW\u2010SLH018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Converting solar energy into concentrated heat is very appealing for various applications. Polypyrrole (PPy) is known to possess excellent photothermal property with low thermal conductivity, and thus is an ideal candidate for solar\u2013thermal energy conversion. However, solar\u2013thermal materials based on PPy or other conducting polymers still exhibit limited energy conversion efficiency due to the lack of effective light\u2010trapping schemes. Here, it is demonstrated that multilayer PPy nanosheets with spontaneously formed surface structures such as wrinkles and ridges via sequential polymerization on paper substrates can dramatically enhance broadband and wide\u2010angle light absorption across the full solar spectrum, leading to an impressive solar\u2013thermal conversion efficiency of 95.33%. The intriguing solar\u2013thermal properties and structural features of multilayer PPy nanosheets can be used for solar heating and photoactuators. Meanwhile, when used for solar steam generation, the measured efficiency could achieve \u224892% under one sun irradiation. The hierarchically multilayer structure is mechanically flexible and robust, holding great potential for practical solar energy utilization. This study provides a simple and straightforward approach toward engineering light\u2010weight and thermally insulating polymers into efficient solar\u2013thermal materials for emerging solar energy\u2010related applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201807716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]],"date-time":"2019-03-28T10:32:50Z","timestamp":1553769170000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":457,"title":["Multilayer Polypyrrole Nanosheets with Self\u2010Organized Surface Structures for Flexible and Efficient Solar\u2013Thermal Energy Conversion"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Xu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei Anhui 230026 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingchang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institute for Nanoscale and Quantum Scientific and Technological Advanced Research University of Virginia  Charlottesville VA 22904 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei Anhui 230026 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baoxing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institute for Nanoscale and Quantum Scientific and Technological Advanced Research University of Virginia  Charlottesville VA 22904 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1645-9003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hangxun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei Anhui 230026 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad1920"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate2717"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3013"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201604795"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1501227"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6EE01952H"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2718755"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201702428"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7MH01064H"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5449"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201702884"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201501686"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201702156"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201802894"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201604031"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201701616"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7SC02967E"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201501832"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA03262E"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2016.75"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10103"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201701028"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b01965"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.201600236"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201603730"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA02700E"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201702590"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA00187A"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201701756"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm404025g"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201504150"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.7b04675"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2013.08.075"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201502362"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.8b01629"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-018-0097-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2017.08.169"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5CP01940K"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1591\/aa7b1f"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00153"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201401449"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jz500306f"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2012.70"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b14011"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201001759"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3572"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.6b01169"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201500135"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201503332"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201701247"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1230262"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1806769115"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201401444"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4037740"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201803847"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3983"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1602697"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl0731872"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1182383"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3542"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_61_1","unstructured":"WHO http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/70621\/1\/WHO_HSE_WSH_11.03_eng.pdf(accessed: March 2011)."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2015.37"}],"container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.201807716","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/adma.201807716","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.201807716","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T20:44:59Z","timestamp":1759783499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adma.201807716"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adma.201807716"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.201807716","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0935-9648","1521-4095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0935-9648","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-11-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-03-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"1807716"}}