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A robust biosilicification strategy is reported to impart a uniform and stable osteoinductive surface to porous collagen scaffolds. The resultant nSC composites possess a native\u2010bone\u2010like porous structure and a nanosilica coating. The osteoinductivity of the nSC scaffolds is strongly dependent on the surface roughness and silicon content in the silica coating. Notably, without the use of exogenous cells and growth factors (GFs), the nSC scaffolds induce successful repair of a critical\u2010sized calvarium defect in a rabbit model. It is revealed that topographic and chemical cues presented by nSC scaffolds could synergistically activate multiple signaling pathways related to mesenchymal stem cell recruitment and bone regeneration. Thus, this facile surface biosilicification approach could be valuable by enabling production of BTE scaffolds with large sizes, complex porous structures, and varied osteoinductivity. The nanosilica\u2010functionalized scaffolds can be implanted via a cell\/GF\u2010free, one\u2010step surgery for in situ bone regeneration, thus demonstrating high potential for clinical translation in treatment of massive bone defects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201904341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,17]],"date-time":"2019-10-17T05:49:31Z","timestamp":1571291371000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":191,"title":["Biomimetic Nanosilica\u2013Collagen Scaffolds for In Situ Bone Regeneration: Toward a Cell\u2010Free, One\u2010Step Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9978-425X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shao\u2010Jie","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries Peking University Third Hospital  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