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Furthermore, the sensitization\u2010regulated nociceptors (SRN) can greatly assist pain\u2010sensitive human to reduce pain sensation by normalizing hyperexcitable central neural activity. Therefore, the implementation of PPNs and SRNs in hardware using emerging nanoscale devices can greatly improve the efficiency of bionic medical machines by giving them different sensitivities to external stimuli according to different purposes. However, current most\u2010normal organic\/oxide transistors face a great challenge due to channel scaling, especially in the sub\u201010 nm channel technology. Here, a sub\u201010 nm indium\u2010tin\u2010oxide transistor with an ultrashort vertical channel as low as \u22483 nm, using sodium alginate bio\u2010polymer electrolyte as gate dielectric, is demonstrated. This device can emulate important characteristics of PPN such as pain threshold, memory of prior injury, and pain sensitization\/desensitization. Furthermore, the most intriguing character of SRN can be achieved by tuning the channel thickness. The proposed device can open new avenues for the fascinating applications of next\u2010generation neuromorphic brain\u2010like systems, such as bio\u2010inspired electronic skins and humanoid robots.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201906171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,13]],"date-time":"2019-12-13T02:50:30Z","timestamp":1576205430000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":191,"title":["A Sub\u201010 nm Vertical Organic\/Inorganic Hybrid Transistor for Pain\u2010Perceptual and Sensitization\u2010Regulated Nociceptor Emulation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Guangdi","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process School of Physics and Electronics Central South University  Changsha Hunan 410083 P. R. 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