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As the most accessible adjuvant, aluminum hydroxide (alum) is still the sole employed adjuvant in most countries. However, alum tends to attach on the membrane rather than entering the dendritic cells (DCs), leading to the absence of intracellular transfer and process of the antigens, and thus limits T\u2010cell\u2010mediated immunity. To address this, alum is packed on the squalene\/water interphase is packed, forming an alum\u2010stabilized Pickering emulsion (PAPE). \u201cInheriting\u201d from alum and squalene, PAPE demonstrates a good biosafety profile. Intriguingly, with the dense array of alum on the oil\/water interphase, PAPE not only adsorbs large quantities of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) antigens, but also harbors a higher affinity for DC uptake, which provokes the uptake and cross\u2010presentation of the delivered antigens. Compared with alum\u2010treated groups, more than six times higher antigen\u2010specific antibody titer and three\u2010fold more IFN\u2010\u03b3\u2010secreting T cells are induced, indicating the potent humoral and cellular immune activations. Collectively, the data suggest that PAPE may provide potential insights toward a safe and efficient adjuvant platform for the enhanced COVID\u201019 vaccinations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202004210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T02:57:21Z","timestamp":1598842641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Particulate Alum via Pickering Emulsion for an Enhanced COVID\u201019 Vaccine Adjuvant"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Sha","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100190 P. R. China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University  Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. 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