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In this work, a novel probe is developed,\u00a0based on chiral molybdenum diselenide (MoSe<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) nanoparticles (NPs) modified by the fluorescent molecule, cyanine 3 (Cy3). Chiral MoSe<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> NPs show intensive circular dichroism (CD) signals at 390 and 550\u00a0nm, whereas the fluorescence of Cy3 at 560\u00a0nm is quenched by MoSe<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> NPs. In the presence of ROS, the probe reacts with the ROS and then oxidates rapidly, resulting in decreased CD signals and the recovery of the fluorescence. Using this strategy, the limit of detection values of CD and fluorescent signals in living cells are 0.0093\u00a0nmol\/10<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> cells and 0.024\u00a0nmol\/10<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> cells, respectively. The high selectivity and sensitivity to ROS in complex biological environments is attributed to the Mo<jats:sup>4+<\/jats:sup> and Se<jats:sup>2\u2212<\/jats:sup> oxidation reactions on the surface of the NPs. Furthermore, chiral MoSe<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> NPs are able to monitor the levels of ROS in vivo by the fluorescence. Collectively, this strategy offers a new approach for ROS detection and has the potential to inspire others to explore chiral nanomaterials as biosensors to investigate biological events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202208037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,18]],"date-time":"2022-12-18T01:19:12Z","timestamp":1671326352000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Chiral MoSe<sub>2<\/sub> Nanoparticles for Ultrasensitive Monitoring of Reactive Oxygen Species In Vivo"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Beijia","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection Jiangnan University  Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. 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