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However, existing implantable batteries suffer from unsatisfactory energy density, hindering the miniaturization of these devices. Here, a mitochondrion\u2010inspired magnesium\u2013oxygen biobattery that achieves both high energy density and biocompatibility in vivo is reported. The resulting biobattery exhibits a recorded energy density of 2517 Wh\u00a0L<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\/1491 Wh\u00a0kg<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup> based on the total volume\/mass of the device in vivo, which is \u22482.5 times higher than the current state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art, and can adapt to different environments for stable discharges. The volume of the magnesium\u2013oxygen biobattery can be as thin as 0.015 mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> and can be scaled up to 400 times larger without reducing the energy density. Additionally, it shows a stable biobattery\/tissue interface, significantly reducing foreign body reactions. 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