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However, space 3D bioprinting faces several challenges, including prelaunch uncertainty, possible liquid leakage, long\u2010term culture in space, automatic equipment control, data acquisition, and transmission. Here, a novel satellite\u2010based 3D bioprinting device with high structural strength, small volume, and low weight (&lt;6\u00a0kg) is developed. A microgel\u2010based biphasic thermosensitive bioink and suspension medium that supports the on\u2010orbit printing and in situ culture of complex tumor models is developed. An intelligent control algorithm that enables the automatic control of 3D printing, autofocusing, fluorescence imaging, and data transfer back to the ground is developed. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that on\u2010orbit printing of tumor models is achieved in space with stable morphology and moderate viability via a satellite. It is found that 3D tumor models are more sensitive to antitumor drugs in space than on Earth. This study opens up a new avenue for 3D bioprinting in space and offers new possibilities for future research in space life science and medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202309618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,25]],"date-time":"2023-12-25T21:34:46Z","timestamp":1703540086000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Satellite\u2010Based On\u2010Orbit Printing of 3D Tumor Models"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1201-6459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xingwu","family":"Mo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomanufacturing Center Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 P. R. China"},{"name":"Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing  Beijing 100084 P. R. 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