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A major impediment to such combined treatment is the blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB), which significantly restricts therapeutic agents from achieving effective concentrations within the central nervous system. Here, a neutrophil\u2010centric dual\u2010responsive delivery system, coined \u201cCellUs,\u201d is pioneered. This system is characterized by live neutrophils enveloping liposomes of dexamethasone, ceftriaxone, and oxygen\u2010saturated perfluorocarbon (Lipo@D\/C\/P). CellUs is meticulously engineered to co\u2010deliver antibiotics, anti\u2010inflammatory agents, and oxygen, embodying a comprehensive strategy against brain infections. CellUs leverages the intrinsic abilities of neutrophils to navigate through BBB, accurately target infection sites, and synchronize the release of Lipo@D\/C\/P with local inflammatory signals. Notably, the incorporation of ultrasound\u2010responsive perfluorocarbon within Lipo@D\/C\/P ensures the on\u2010demand release of therapeutic agents at the afflicted regions. CellUs shows considerable promise in treating <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> infections in mice with meningitis, particularly when combined with ultrasound treatments. It effectively penetrates BBB, significantly eliminates bacteria, reduces inflammation, and delivers oxygen to the affected brain tissue, resulting in a substantial improvement in survival rates. Consequently, CellUs harnesses the natural chemotactic properties of neutrophils and offers an innovative pathway to improve treatment effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202311661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T13:58:35Z","timestamp":1705931915000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Bioengineered Neutrophils for Smart Response in Brain Infection Management"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Anwei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures School of Physics Nanjing University  Nanjing 210093 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delian","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology 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