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However, traditional PCMs suffer from leakage and a loss of formability above their phase change temperatures, limiting their shape stability and versatility. Inspired by the muscle structure, formable PCMs with a hierarchical structure and solvent\u2010responsive supramolecular networks based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)\/wood composites are developed. The material, in its hydrated state, demonstrates low stiffness and pliability due to the weak hydrogen bonding between aligned wood fibers and PVA molecules. Through treatment of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the PVA\/wood PEG gel (PEG\/PVA\/W) with strengthened hydrogen bonds, the resulting wood\u2010based PCMs in the hard and melting states elevate the tensile stress from 10.14 to 80.86\u00a0MPa and the stiffness from 420\u00a0MPa to 4.8\u00a0GPa, making it 530 times stiffer than the PEG\/PVA counterpart. Capable of morphing in response to solvent changes, these formable PCMs enable intricate designs for thermal management. Furthermore, supported by a comprehensive life cycle assessment, these shape\u2010adaptable, recyclable, and biodegradable PCMs with lower environmental footprint present a sustainable alternative to conventional plastics and thermal management materials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202406915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]],"date-time":"2024-08-03T03:45:48Z","timestamp":1722656748000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Muscle\u2010Inspired Formable Wood\u2010Based Phase Change Materials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Yifan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio\u2010Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry University  Harbin 150040 P. R. 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