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Autophagosomes, obtained from pleural effusions and ascites of cancer patients, have been identified as abundant reservoirs of tumor neoantigens that exhibit heightened immunogenicity. However, their potential as personalized cancer vaccines have been constrained by suboptimal lymphatic\u2010targeting performances and challenges in antigen\u2010presenting cell endocytosis. Here,a reinforced biomimetic autophagosome\u2010based (BAPs) nanovaccine generated by precisely amalgamating autophagosome\u2010derived neoantigens and two types of adjuvants capable of targeting lymph nodes is developed to potently elicit antitumor immunity. The redox\u2010responsive BAPs facilitate cytosolic vaccine opening within antigen\u2010presenting cells, thereby exposing adjuvants and antigens to stimulate a strong immune response. BAPs evoke broad\u2010spectrum T\u2010cell responses, culminating in the effective eradication of 71.4% of established tumors. Notably, BAPs vaccination triggers enduring T\u2010cell responses that confer robust protection, with 100% of mice shielded against tumor rechallenge and a significant reduction in tumor incidence by 87.5%. Furthermore, BAPs synergize with checkpoint blockade therapy to inhibit tumor growth in the poorly immunogenic breast cancer model. The biomimetic approach presents a powerful nanovaccine formula with high versatility\u00a0for personalized cancer immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202409590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T09:48:05Z","timestamp":1724838485000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["A Biomimetic Autophagosomes\u2010Based Nanovaccine Boosts Anticancer Immunity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Liping","family":"Qu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Polymers Laboratory College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection Soochow University  Suzhou 215123 P. R. 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