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However, the\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010amino acid yield remains unsatisfying. Herein, the efficient electrocatalytic synthesis of \u03b1\u2010amino acids is achieved with an atomically dispersed Fe loaded defective TiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    monolithic electrocatalyst (\n                    <jats:sub>ad<\/jats:sub>\n                    Fe\u2010TiO\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/Ti). The desired electrocatalyst composition for the hydrogenation of oxime is screened. The prepared\n                    <jats:sub>ad<\/jats:sub>\n                    Fe\u2010TiO\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/Ti exhibited a high glyoxylic acid conversion of \u2248100% and a glycine selectivity of 80.2%. The electrochemical experiments and theoretical calculations demonstrated that atomically dispersed Fe (\n                    <jats:sub>ad<\/jats:sub>\n                    Fe) sites and oxygen vacancies (OVs) enhanced the adsorption of glyoxylic acid (GA), glyoxylic oxime (GO), and nitrate (NO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ).\n                    <jats:sub>ad<\/jats:sub>\n                    Fe sites further promote the step of H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    NO\n                    <jats:sup>*<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2192 H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    NOH\n                    <jats:sup>*<\/jats:sup>\n                    in the conversion of NO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    to hydroxylamine (NH\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    OH) and the step of NH\u2010CH\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010COOH\n                    <jats:sup>*<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2192 NH\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010CH\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010COOH\n                    <jats:sup>*<\/jats:sup>\n                    in the reduction of GO to glycine. The coupling pathway and the critical intermediate are revealed by synchrotron radiation Fourier transform infrared (SR\u2010FTIR) spectroscopy and differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS). Additionally, six other\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010amino acids are successfully synthesized by the\n                    <jats:sub>ad<\/jats:sub>\n                    Fe\u2010TiO\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/Ti, showcasing its versatility in the electrosynthesis of\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010amino acids. This work provides an efficient electrocatalyst for the C\u2010N coupling synthesis of \u03b1\u2010amino acids.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202409864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]],"date-time":"2024-12-13T00:27:29Z","timestamp":1734049649000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Highly Efficient Synthesis of \u03b1\u2010Amino Acids via Electrocatalytic C\u2010N Coupling Reaction Over an Atomically Dispersed Iron Loaded Defective TiO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Zhonghuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Chem\/Bio\u2010Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University  Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. 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