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However, using high modulus oxide ceramics to fabricate artificial muscles with high energy and power is a challenge as they are prone to brittle fracture during torsion. Here, a ceramic metallization strategy is reported that solves the problem of low torsion and low ductility of alumina (Al\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) ceramics by chemical plating a thin copper layer on alumina filaments. These filaments with a high modulus of \u2248180\u00a0GPa can be twisted into chiral coiled artificial muscles, exhibiting a unique electric thermal actuation mechanism. This tough and robust alumina artificial muscle can carry objects equivalent to 0.28 million times its weight and provide high actuation stress of up to 483.5\u00a0MPa. In addition, it exhibits 18 times higher contraction power and 240 times higher energy density than human muscles, as well as a high energy conversion efficiency of up to 7.59%, which far exceeds most reported actuated carbon and polymer artificial muscles. This work has achieved large\u2010scale manufacturing of high\u2010modulus oxide ceramic muscles for the first time.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202414936","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T06:13:23Z","timestamp":1737612803000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["High\u2010Modulus Homochiral Torsional Oxide Ceramic Artificial Muscles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Textiles Donghua University  Shanghai 201620 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongshi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Textiles Donghua University  Shanghai 201620 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuwang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Ministry of Education Jilin University  Changchun 130012 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering University of Delaware  Newark DE 19716 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4574-1243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianhua","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Textiles Donghua University  Shanghai 201620 China"},{"name":"Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology Donghua University  Shanghai 200051 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mambio.2012.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25479"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/368113a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.10.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1175862"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.02.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.abf4788"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1246906"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201904093"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202211800"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202212112"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa7952"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaw2403"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201601186"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201704407"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2022.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202105011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202304401"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abn3690"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35820"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.142798"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.123.208003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.95.057801"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.88.245402"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.81.153102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202200756"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.137614"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","first-page":"285","volume":"1859","author":"Kirchhoff G.","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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