{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T01:59:37Z","timestamp":1792634377253,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014219","name":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21925506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21925506"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014219","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U21A20331"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U21A20331"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22475225"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22475225"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Organic solar cells now surpass 20% efficiency in small\u2010area devices, but the use of chloroform as a solvent poses industrial scalability challenges because of its limited ability of uniform film formation and toxicity. High\u2010boiling, non\u2010halogenated solvents are being studied as alternatives, but their low solubility and slow evaporation complicate crystallization process. Here, the study introduces a seed crystal strategy by incorporating oligo (ethylene glycol)\u2010modified small\u2010molecule donors to optimize the nucleation and crystallization. The asymmetric BDTF\u2010CA2O molecule, which combines the strong crystallinity of rodanine group and the low nucleation barrier of oligo (ethylene glycol) chain, significantly promotes the crystallization of the polymer donor PM6. Moreover, BDTF\u2010CA2O effectively suppresses excessive phase separation, and optimizes vertical distribution, resulting in enhanced exciton extraction, balanced carrier transport, and reduced recombination losses. Small\u2010area toluene\u2010processed devices achieve a power conversion efficiency of 19.67%. In the realm of large\u2010area organic solar cell modules, this strategy leads to a record active area efficiency of 17.68% and aperture area efficiency of 16.80% (certified at 16.26%), which is the highest reported for organic solar cell modules &gt;10 cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> to date. These achievements highlight the potential of the seed crystal strategy for large\u2010scale production of efficient, large\u2010area organic solar cell modules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202420308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T19:54:11Z","timestamp":1741722851000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["17.68% Efficiency Nonhalogenated Solvent\u2010Processed Organic Solar Cell Modules Driven by Seed Crystal Strategy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Haotian","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology &amp; Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences  Ningbo 315201 P. R. China"},{"name":"Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100049 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ze","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology &amp; Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences  Ningbo 315201 P. R. China"},{"name":"Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100049 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinfeng","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology &amp; Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences  Ningbo 315201 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology &amp; Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences  Ningbo 315201 P. R. China"},{"name":"Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100049 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology &amp; Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences  Ningbo 315201 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology &amp; Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences  Ningbo 315201 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinrui","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology &amp; Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences  Ningbo 315201 P. R. China"},{"name":"Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100049 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology &amp; Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences  Ningbo 315201 P. R. China"},{"name":"Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100049 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100190 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengcheng","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology &amp; Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences  Ningbo 315201 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology &amp; Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences  Ningbo 315201 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology &amp; Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences  Ningbo 315201 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3656-6017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziyi","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology &amp; Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences  Ningbo 315201 P. R. China"},{"name":"Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 100049 P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-022-00514-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202304242"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202206566"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202311170"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2021.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE03754E"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2015.126"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202414080"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30225-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202202752"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE02657H"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenergylett.2c01589"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3EE01164J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-023-00618-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2020.07.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202110209"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202110569"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrp.2024.101883"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giant.2024.100286"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2019.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2024.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202406690"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46144-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-023-01208-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE01405G"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-022-00997-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202304000"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-022-01140-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202402350"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-021-00923-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","first-page":"1117","volume":"9","author":"Zeng R.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Energy"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202407517"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-024-01678-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202005348"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202301583"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE03670K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202305424"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202303729"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE00680A"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202303551"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43846-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-29803-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-018-0128-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-022-01244-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39832-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202308061"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202302946"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42071-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202408934"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE01705F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202300531"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacsau.1c00306"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201702741"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mspro.2014.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2021.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202318360"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-41978-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202313532"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202203443"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2023.12.009"}],"container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.202420308","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T15:41:26Z","timestamp":1759765286000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adma.202420308"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adma.202420308"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.202420308","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0935-9648","1521-4095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0935-9648","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2420308"}}