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Developing a bio\u2010inspired retina that uses ions as information carriers can more accurately replicate retina's natural signal processing capabilities, enabling high\u2010performance machine vision. Herein, an ion\u2010confined transport strategy is proposed to construct a bio\u2010inspired retina by developing artificial synapses with inhibitory and excitatory contrasting functions. By fine\u2010tuning the ionic hydrogel structures to control ion transport across the heterogeneous interfaces, inhibitory and excitatory synapses are realized to negatively or positively modulate the optical signal. The integration of these synapses facilitates advanced tasks such as image recognition and motion analysis. Moreover, as a proof of concept, guiding robot vehicles to perform path planning is demonstrated. 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