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However, while single\u2010crystalline AFMs have been capable of being electrically manipulated, controlling polycrystalline AFM spins remains a major challenge due to their aperiodic nature. In this work, a N\u00e9el tensor is introduced as a rank\u2010two symmetric tensor that statistically captures the spin correlations in polycrystalline AFMs, a fundamental departure from the conventional N\u00e9el vector approach. Using machine learning techniques, hidden statistical patterns in AFM spin structures are extracted, and establish the N\u00e9el tensor torque, an emergent symmetry\u2010breaking mechanism at the FM\/AFM interface. This torque enables field\u2010free spin\u2010orbit torque (SOT) switching in heavy\u2010metal\/FM\/AFM trilayers. Furthermore, it is experimentally demonstrated that the N\u00e9el tensor can be trained and memorized, allowing the system to retain its switching polarity\u2013an unprecedented feature in AFM spintronics. This work unveils previously hidden statistical correlations in polycrystalline AFMs, bridging the gap between theoretical models and practical spintronic applications. The findings lay the foundation for non\u2010volatile, reconfigurable spintronic memory and neuromorphic computing, establishing the N\u00e9el tensor as a new degree of freedom for AFM\u2010based SOT switching.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202506462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T08:06:14Z","timestamp":1756454774000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["N\u00e9el Tensor Torque in Polycrystalline Antiferromagnets"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0458-4624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao\u2010Yao","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University  Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng\u2010Huai","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University  Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih\u2010Hsiang","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University  Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiu\u2010Hau","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University  Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Semiconductor Research National Tsing Hua University  Hsinchu 300044 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