{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T17:21:50Z","timestamp":1791825710289,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":160,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757116800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001352","name":"National University of Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NUHSRO\/2020\/133\/Startup\/08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NUHSRO\/2020\/133\/Startup\/08"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001352","name":"National University of Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NUH\u2010SRO\/2021\/097\/Startup\/13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NUH\u2010SRO\/2021\/097\/Startup\/13"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001352","name":"National University of Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NUHSRO\/2023\/008\/NUSMed\/TCE\/LOA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NUHSRO\/2023\/008\/NUSMed\/TCE\/LOA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001352","name":"National University of Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NUHSRO\/2021\/034\/TRP\/09\/Nanomedicine"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NUHSRO\/2021\/034\/TRP\/09\/Nanomedicine"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001352","name":"National University of Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23\u20100173\u2010A0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23\u20100173\u2010A0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOH\u2010001254\u201000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOH\u2010001254\u201000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOH\u2010001388\u201000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOH\u2010001388\u201000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CG21APR1005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CG21APR1005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOH\u2010001500\u201000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOH\u2010001500\u201000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOH\u2010001609\u201000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOH\u2010001609\u201000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOH\u2010001740\u201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOH\u2010001740\u201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF\u2010000352\u201000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF\u2010000352\u201000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Nanomedicine has shown remarkable promise in advancing tumor imaging and therapy through its ability to achieve targeted delivery, precision imaging, and therapeutic efficacy. However, translating these preclinical successes into clinical practice remains fraught with challenges, including inconsistent tumor targeting, off\u2010target organ accumulation, and a lack of comprehensive understanding of in vivo behavior of nanomedicines. In this perspective, the current state of nanomedicine research is critically analyzed, emphasizing the translational bottlenecks and offering a forward\u2010looking view on potential solutions. The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect are revisited, dissecting its variable relevance across small animals, large animals, and human patients. Emerging strategies are also discussed to overcome its limitations, such as active targeting and bioengineered delivery systems. Highlighting the need for multimodal imaging, it is proposed to combine nuclear imaging for deep\u2010tissue penetration with high\u2010resolution optical imaging to refine our understanding of nanomedicine biodistribution and tumor targeting. Additionally, nonspecific uptake in organs like the liver and spleen is examined, advocating for strategies such as carrier surface modification and biomimetic design to enhance tumor specificity. Moving forward, integrate advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI)\u2010driven data analytics and humanized in vitro and in vivo models are proposed to better predict clinical outcomes. By critically synthesizing the current knowledge and proposing transformative directions, this review aims to inspire innovative approaches that will pave the way for nanomedicines to achieve their full clinical potential in tumor theranostics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202510293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T13:27:11Z","timestamp":1757165231000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Nanomedicine Reimagined: Translational Strategies for Precision Tumor Theranostics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Qinghe","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 119074 Singapore"},{"name":"Theranostics Center of Excellence (TCE) Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 138667 Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 119074 Singapore"},{"name":"Theranostics Center of Excellence (TCE) Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 138667 Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xurui","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 119074 Singapore"},{"name":"Theranostics Center of Excellence (TCE) Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 138667 Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9622-0870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 119074 Singapore"},{"name":"Theranostics Center of Excellence (TCE) Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 138667 Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering College of Design and Engineering National University of Singapore  Singapore 117575 Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Design and Engineering National University of Singapore  Singapore 117575 Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Science National University of Singapore  Singapore 117544 Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 119074 Singapore"},{"name":"Theranostics Center of Excellence (TCE) Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 138667 Singapore"},{"name":"Clinical Imaging Research Centre Centre for Translational Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 117599 Singapore"},{"name":"Nanomedicine Translational Research Program Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 117597 Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","first-page":"6387","volume":"46","author":"Matsumura Y.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2011.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","first-page":"463","volume":"7","author":"Bogner J. R.","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2023.106688"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2024.102147"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2011.07.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.3c00309"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2017.50"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-023-00581-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01889-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.04.937"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.201800201"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0918-777"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1716153"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.3c00122"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.96675"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bc200151q"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11307-018-1255-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"443","volume":"11","author":"Chakravarty R.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2021.01.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1CS00617G"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-023-00586-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b03900"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2016.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2016.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3330"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-019-0566-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-023-01630-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-020-0669-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-020-0672-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-025-01877-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.065585"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","unstructured":"b) FDA Announces Plan to Phase Out Animal Testing Requirement for Monoclonal Antibodies and Other Drugs https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news\u2010events\/press\u2010announcements\/fda\u2010announces\u2010plan\u2010phase\u2010out\u2010animal\u2010testing\u2010requirement\u2010monoclonal\u2010antibodies\u2010and\u2010other\u2010drugs (accessed: 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C2CS15261D"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2014.134"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c18489"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-023-01323-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44222-024-00203-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202401860"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.37204"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.49577"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-021-01047-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01536-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/CNV-120014883"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.7.8.1041"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2015.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114449"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11080771"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5b01324"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15041126"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-19-0709"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.115.166173"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0CS00384K"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06271-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04763-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/am.2014.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-4199"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-09-0195"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8NR02513D"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.12.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2013.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwx062"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201600124"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7CS00663B"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202103836"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.2001.281.6.L1512"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2016.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7ME00050B"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201200454"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00544-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2021.113847"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2017.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","first-page":"1","author":"Jiang W.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11051-024-06199-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_2","volume-title":"Nano Drug Delivery for Cancer Therapy: Principles and Practices","author":"Khan F. A.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-020-0090-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11671-021-03628-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2018.00360"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S490444"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admi.202001602"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.2c01041"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7CS00521K"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157340711795163866"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603855"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-019-0391-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00631-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.9b00079"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41427-018-0091-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-31799-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02217-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c05618"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202006484"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-019-0330-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28155694"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201606134"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2019.02.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2025.101583"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2023.106279"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2025.117754"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr200256v"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202308589"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr500392w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/accountsmr.4c00172"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.7341"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40644-024-00762-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2015.10.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ntno.71906"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13550-016-0167-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114528"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201910369"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202308659"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2020.102166"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.38288"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-58173-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-023-06508-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2024.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-55072-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587\u2010024\u201002490\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50619-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","volume-title":"Vaccine Design: Methods and Protocols","author":"Thomas S.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat2442"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2018.04.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-1806-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2012.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2017.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2015.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.154495"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202409898"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c10381"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-14-0493"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.38625"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2023.05.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40824-019-0166-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-99796-6.00006-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201704307"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-19061-2.00010-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d5na00376h"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C2CS35392J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2013.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2011.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chas.3c00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-819943-5.00008-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ar300028m"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adtp.202400283"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21741\/9781644902998-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/mi14091786"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nwnano.2025.100119"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aay8086"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000546168"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abd5758"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0906-1065b"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-023-01346-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-024-10701-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_83_1","unstructured":"a) C. PHARMA Specialist CDMOs Scale Globally to Meet Evolving Industry Needs https:\/\/www.contractpharma.com\/exclusives\/specialist\u2010cdmos\u2010scale\u2010globally\u2010to\u2010meet\u2010evolving\u2010industry\u2010needs\/ (2025);"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_83_2","unstructured":"b) C. PHARMA Benefits of partnering with a nanomaterial\u2010specialized CDMO for your nanomedicine development and manufacturing https:\/\/www.contractpharma.com\/library\/benefits\u2010of\u2010partnering\u2010with\u2010a\u2010nanomaterial\u2010specialized\u2010cdmo\u2010for\u2010your\u2010nanomedicine\u2010development\u2010and\u2010manufacturing\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com (accessed: 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2011.06.017"}],"container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.202510293","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/adma.202510293","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.202510293","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T18:06:07Z","timestamp":1783015567000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adma.202510293"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]]},"references-count":160,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adma.202510293"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.202510293","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0935-9648","1521-4095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0935-9648","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e10293"}}