{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T18:40:28Z","timestamp":1793040028549,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010785","name":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Transformative Quantum Technologies"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Transformative Quantum Technologies"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010785","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000181","name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FA9550\u201024\u20101\u20100360"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FA9550\u201024\u20101\u20100360"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000181","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The field\u2010free control of perpendicular magnetization using spin\u2010orbit torque (SOT) is a key challenge in spintronics, simplifying design and integration for both memory and logic applications. Unlike conventional heavy metal\/ferromagnet heterostructures that already break out\u2010of\u2010plane symmetry, thus can readily offer in\u2010plane switching, realizing deterministic out\u2010of\u2010plane switching requires breaking additional in\u2010plane symmetries. In this study, we demonstrate field\u2010free switching in a heterostructure composed of a self\u2010intercalated 2D magnet, Cr\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Te\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and a topological insulator, (Bi\n                    <jats:sub>0.75<\/jats:sub>\n                    Sb\n                    <jats:sub>0.25<\/jats:sub>\n                    )\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Te\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    . In this system, the surface states of the topological insulator ensure efficient charge\u2010to\u2010spin conversion, but not deterministic on its own. The ordered 2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a01 self\u2010intercalation of the perpendicular magnet provides additional symmetry breaking on the interface, rendering a combined unidirectional m (C\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) symmetry. This synergy allows for extremely strong, field\u2010free SOT switching of Cr\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Te\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    with perpendicular coercivity \u22481.3\u00a0T. Unlike exfoliated 2D materials that tend to be single\u2010crystal, our wafer\u2010scale deposition naturally nucleates three equivalent types of 2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a01 sublattices, and therefore the combined SOT switching manifests an apparent three\u2010fold angular dependence. These findings highlight a promising pathway toward efficient, topological insulator\u2010based spintronic device and material engineering.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202519678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T08:09:21Z","timestamp":1766390961000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Field\u2010Free, Deterministic Giant Spin\u2010Orbit Torque Switching of 1.3 T Perpendicular Magnetization With Symmetry\u2010Lifted Topological Surface States"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"He","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute For Quantum Computing (IQC) University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yawen","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute For Quantum Computing (IQC) University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meixin","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute For Quantum Computing (IQC) University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute For Quantum Computing (IQC) University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Asadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute For Quantum Computing (IQC) University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam W.","family":"Tsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute For Quantum Computing (IQC) University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4354-5540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guo\u2010Xing","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute For Quantum Computing (IQC) University of Waterloo  Waterloo ON 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