{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T16:29:04Z","timestamp":1789057744071,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFA0919201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFA0919201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52473129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52473129"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52433010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52433010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025A1515012036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025A1515012036"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025ZYGXZR015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025ZYGXZR015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The effective treatments of biofilm\u2010related refractory infections such as osteomyelitis are hampered by the limited drug coverage to large infected areas and infiltration into the biofilm at infection sites. Herein, guided by the hypothesis that liquid water\u2010immiscible coacervates with ultra\u2010low interfacial tension could effectively infiltrate these barriers, it is systematically screened 7 representative coacervates for their biofilm infiltration performance. Coacervates with ultra\u2010low interfacial tension (&lt;0.5\u00a0mN\u00a0m\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) showed markedly enhanced biofilm infiltration, whereas a high\u2010interfacial\u2010tension control (Gel\u2010Nap coacervate) and aqueous controls failed to infiltrate biofilms. However, electrostatically assembled complex coacervates suffered from poor physiological stability and cytotoxicity. The physiologically stable and biocompatible PEG\u2010alkyl coacervate is selected as a lead candidate for in vivo validation. In murine and canine osteomyelitis models, the selected drug\u2010loaded PEG\u2010alkyl coacervate system further demonstrated robust infiltration of microporous bone and dense biofilm, sustained local drug retention, effective eradication of\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , suppression of inflammatory cytokines, and accelerated bone regeneration. This study establishes low\u2010interfacial\u2010tension\u2013driven infiltration as a generalizable principle for designing stable and biocompatible fluidic coacervate carriers to eradicate refractory biofilm infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202521500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T05:25:07Z","timestamp":1768541107000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Enhanced Biofilm Infiltration by Drug\u2010laden Coacervate for Treating Refractory Infections"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Ruinan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Joint Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiangjun","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianshen","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3134-2065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuefeng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, School of Life Sciences Anhui University  Hefei P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6863-6016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pengchao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4739-0918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liming","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of the Ministry of Education South China University of Technology  Guangzhou P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00791-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2017.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro821"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5418.1318"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2020.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2403842121"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.13634"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00084-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16727-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.99"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/ORR.S384845"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202304991"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2022.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202210766"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40830-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-022-00950-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/w12020495"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/EXP.20210089"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2014010920"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2022.100412"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41557-024-01705-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202311047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41557-023-01356-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41557-021-00854-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05223-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ma101031t"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsapm.0c00185"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202104837"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201808179"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2018.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-conmatphys-042020-113457"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.2c00696"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.555581"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2013.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wnan.1442"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/agt2.449"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abq6495"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaenm.2c00048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201916481"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202007209"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41557-025-01837-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsapm.2c00580"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201914893"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41557-020-00585-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2017.02.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ma500500q"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c02816"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41557-020-00585-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","article-title":"A Designer Minimalistic Model Parallels the Phase\u2010separation\u2010mediated Assembly and Biophysical Cues of Extracellular Matrix","volume":"9","author":"Peng X.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Advanced Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202202302"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2415"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202208681"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202206646"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2022.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08067-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abf6654"}],"container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.202521500","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/adma.202521500","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.202521500","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T10:31:50Z","timestamp":1777545110000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adma.202521500"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adma.202521500"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.202521500","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0935-9648","1521-4095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0935-9648","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e21500"}}