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Chemotherapeutics can induce transient immune priming and modulate TME features but are limited by unpredictable immune response durations and systemic toxicity when combined with immunotherapy. To overcome these challenges, we develop a programmable delivery platform integrating chemotherapeutics and immune checkpoint blockade within a silk fibroin hydrogel containing pH\u2010responsive nanocapsules for controlled temporal release at tumor sites. Leveraging molecular weight differences, the small chemotherapeutic oxaliplatin rapidly diffuses to initiate tumor\u2010intrinsic immunogenic stress, while the larger anti\u2010PD\u2010L1 nanocapsules undergo gradual degradation in the TME, enabling sustained checkpoint engagement. This strategy converts non\u2010immunogenic tumor cells into a heightened immunogenic state, modulates key immune features of the TME, and supports durable antitumor responses and long\u2010term central memory T cell persistence in a murine breast tumor model. 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