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Although traditional metal electrodes possess excellent conductivity, their inherent rigidity causes a substantial mechanical mismatch with soft neural tissue, leading to chronic inflammatory responses and poor long\u2010term stability. The emergence of hydrogel electrodes has provided a breakthrough solution to this fundamental limitation. Hydrogels, characterized by their softness, high ionic conductivity, and tissue\u2010like compliance, offer a viable solution to mitigate these issues. This review systematically explores the material properties of hydrogel\u2010integrated BMIs, providing an in\u2010depth investigation of key hydrogel characteristics, including toughness, adhesion, conductivity, and biocompatibility. Additionally, hydrogel\u2010based BMIs are categorized into non\u2010invasive and invasive systems, each defined by its characteristic operational principles and signal\u2010acquisition mechanisms. The study further reviews critical issues, including surgical implantation strategies, multimodal data fusion, integration of artificial intelligence, as well as system integration and clinical translation. From a therapeutic perspective, this work highlights the application of BMIs in treating neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, stroke, neuropathic pain, and depression. Furthermore, this review critically examines the persistent challenges faced by hydrogel\u2010based BMIs and proposes innovative strategies for future development. Ultimately, it outlines a developmental roadmap for next\u2010generation hydrogel\u2010based biotherapeutic technologies aimed at achieving high\u2010fidelity, stable and clinically translatable BMI systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202523422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T06:50:19Z","timestamp":1776927019000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["From Bio\u2010Interface Materials to Neural Integration: The Next\u2010Generation Brain\u2013Machine Interfaces Powered by Hydrogels"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Zhenchun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences Jilin University  Changchun P. R. 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuang","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences  Changchun P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4100-510X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuekun","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Wuhan Textile University  Wuhan P. R. China"},{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou University  Fuzhou P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences Jilin University  Changchun P. R. 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