{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T17:17:34Z","timestamp":1792171054133,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":234,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR\u20102419539"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR\u20102419539"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n In solid state and nanoscale materials, a phase refers to a distinct entity that can be identified in X\u2010ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. For bulk metals, common phases include the face\u2010centered cubic (\n fcc<\/jats:italic>\n ), hexagonal close\u2010packed (\n hcp<\/jats:italic>\n ), and body\u2010centered cubic (\n bcc<\/jats:italic>\n ) structures. When the dimensions of a metal are shrunk to the nanometer scale (1\u2212100\u00a0nm), new phases that are not observed in bulk metals can be attained due to the increasing importance of surface energy as a new handle for phase control. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in phase engineering of atomically precise nanoclusters (APNCs, typically 1\u20133\u00a0nm) of coinage metals such as gold and silver. Five primary types of phases are categorized, including the\n fcc<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n hcp<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n bcc<\/jats:italic>\n , multi\u2010twinned phases (both the icosahedron and decahedron), as well as mixed phases in APNCs. The attainment of non\u2010\n fcc<\/jats:italic>\n phases at the nanoscale is intriguing because bulk gold and silver are exclusively\n fcc<\/jats:italic>\n ; this underscores the importance of tailoring surface energy by protecting ligands as well as the kinetic control and other synthetic strategies as discussed in this review. Following the structural discussion, we illustrate the distinct physical and chemical properties from phase engineering of APNCs, including the optical absorption and related photothermal application, photoluminescence in the near\u2010infrared (NIR) and related bioimaging application, as well as the catalytic reactivity. Finally, we put forth some future perspectives.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202523688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T12:17:49Z","timestamp":1778761069000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Phase Engineering of Atomically Precise Nanoclusters (APNCs) of Gold and Beyond"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1955-5511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yitong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2171-7524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avirup","family":"Sardar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijie","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2525-8345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rongchao","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1039\/D3NH00125C","article-title":"Shape Control With Atomic Precision: Anisotropic Nanoclusters of Noble Metals","volume":"8","author":"Li Y.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nanoscale Horizons"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3188","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201410295","article-title":"The Structure and Optical Properties of the [Au18(SR)14] Nanocluster","volume":"127","author":"Chen S.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Angewandte Chemie"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6458","DOI":"10.1039\/c4nr01350f","article-title":"Crystal Structure and Electronic Properties of a Thiolate\u2010Protected Au24 Nanocluster","volume":"6","author":"Das A.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9205","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201302926","article-title":"Superatom Networks in Thiolate\u2010Protected Gold Nanoparticles","volume":"125","author":"Cheng L.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Angewandte Chemie"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31933","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c12854","article-title":"33 Unresolved Questions in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology","volume":"19","author":"Mirkin C. 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