{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T23:19:56Z","timestamp":1792883996850,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"43","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782259200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFE0211400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFE0211400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Achieving durable acidic oxygen evolution at low iridium loadings remains the bottleneck for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). Conventional Ir catalysts are limited by adsorbate evolution mechanism scaling and lattice\u2010oxygen\u2010induced degradation, while the oxide pathway mechanism (OPM) has remained inaccessible due to the instability of sub\u20102.9\u00a0\u00c5 Ir\u2500Ir dual sites under high anodic potentials. Here, we report a confinement\u2010engineered strategy that localizes Ir precursors within the nanochannels and interlayer galleries of a layered covalent organic framework, yielding ultrathin twinned Ir\u2010IrO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    interfaces with a contracted 2.68\u00a0\u00c5 Ir\u2500Ir dual\u2010site geometry. Operando spectroscopic analyses establish that these interfaces activate the oxide pathway during OER. Kinetic analysis reveals a hydrogen\u2010bond\u2010mediated OPM (HB\u2010OPM), in which hydrogen bonding between surface intermediates (\n                    <jats:sup>*<\/jats:sup>\n                    OH\u00b7\u00b7\u00b7\n                    <jats:sup>*<\/jats:sup>\n                    OH\/\n                    <jats:sup>*<\/jats:sup>\n                    O\u00b7\u00b7\u00b7HO\n                    <jats:sup>*<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and electric\u2010field\u2010induced reorganization of interfacial water cooperatively lowers the O\u2500O coupling barrier and suppresses Ir over\u2010oxidation. This catalyst achieves low\u2011iridium (0.28\u00a0mg\n                    <jats:sub>Ir<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u00a0\u00a0cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) PEMWE performance with high activity (2\u00a0A\u00a0cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    at 1.71\u00a0V) and exceptional durability, operating for over 5500\u00a0h at 1\u00a0A\u00a0cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    with a decay rate of 3.5\u00a0mV\u00a0kh\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    . These results demonstrate that confinement\u2010engineered Ir\u2010IrO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    interfaces provide an effective strategy for activating OPM and support HB\u2010OPM as a key mechanism for designing durable, low\u2010Ir acidic OER catalysts.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.73818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T08:13:01Z","timestamp":1782288781000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Confinement\u2010Engineered Ir\u2010IrO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    Interfaces Activate Hydrogen\u2010Bond\u2010Mediated Oxide Pathway Mechanism for Durable Acidic Water Oxidation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Tongchan","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai P. R. China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Science  Beijing P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai P. R. China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Science  Beijing P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wangbo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai P. R. China"},{"name":"School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengzhan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai P. R. China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Science  Beijing P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanping","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Zhongke Cotrun New Energy Science Technology Co., Ltd.  Ningbo P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiliang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenlu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoliang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5685-3721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lianhai","family":"Zu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai P. R. China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Science  Beijing P. R. 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