{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T12:22:05Z","timestamp":1792153325018,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"53","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102024\u201000403376"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102024\u201000403376"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003052","name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102025\u201011572968"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102025\u201011572968"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Breathing continuously stretches the lungs, providing essential mechanical cues that regulate cellular behavior and disease responses. Mimicking the repetitive out\u2010of\u2010plane deformation of alveolar tissues driven by transpulmonary pressure requires ultrathin stretchable hydrogel membranes that sustain prolonged cyclic loading in hydrated environments. However, membrane thinning inevitably amplifies stress concentration and fatigue failure, making the simultaneous achievement of ultrathin geometry and long\u2010term durability fundamentally incompatible in conventional hydrogel systems. Here, we present a soap film\u2010inspired hydrogel membrane that overcomes this trade\u2010off and enables dynamic breathing lung models. By incorporating acrylamide into gelatin methacryloyl, precursor viscosity and surface tension are systematically tuned to generate ultrathin liquid films governed by Frankel's law, while a hybrid co\u2010polymer network is formed to produce durable, freestanding membranes. Integrated with a negative\u2010pressure bioreactor that reproduces physiological breathing under air\u2010liquid interface culture (10%\u201315% strain, 12 cycles min\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), the platform establishes a dynamic lung model with physiologically relevant out\u2010of\u2010plane deformation. Cyclic breathing activates YAP\u2010mediated mechanotransduction, drives tissue and extracellular matrix remodeling, and modulates inflammatory and antiviral responses in an influenza A infection model. This work establishes a physics\u2010guided strategy for engineering ultrathin durable hydrogel membranes and advances mechanically faithful in vitro lung models for mechanobiology and respiratory disease research.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.74372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:14:46Z","timestamp":1785406486000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ultrathin Hydrogel Membranes Inspired by Soap Films Enable Physiologically Relevant Breathing Lung Models"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3901-5587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunji","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  Pohang Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6840-3139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gwang Myeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  Pohang Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3863-7651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wookyeom","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4355-9792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fenny","family":"Soetanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  Pohang Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6031-8801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gyungin","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  Pohang Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4760-7830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taehun","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  Pohang Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1531-3635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youn Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  Pohang Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4414-7130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junmin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)  Pohang Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1295-9169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hwa\u2010Rim","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Kyungpook National University  Daegu Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9258-0572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sungjune","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials 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