{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:01:05Z","timestamp":1790859665902,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"55","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22201228"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22201228"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52303267"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52303267"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22505192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22505192"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023T160506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023T160506"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009996","name":"Shaanxi Province Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023BSHTBZZ04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023BSHTBZZ04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009996","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013317","name":"Shanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025CY\u2010JJQ\u2010125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025CY\u2010JJQ\u2010125"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013317","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017596","name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025JC\u2010YBQN\u2010142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025JC\u2010YBQN\u2010142"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017596","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Prolonging the triplet excited\u2010state lifetime is essential for developing efficient photocatalytic systems. Herein, a series of viologen\u2010based cyclophane derivatives (\n                    <jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:bold>6<\/jats:bold>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:bold>8<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) featuring TSC were designed and synthesized, with TSC\u2010boxes\n                    <jats:bold>6<\/jats:bold>\n                    and\n                    <jats:bold>8<\/jats:bold>\n                    incorporating a unique combination of cyclophane structures and TSC units. Compared with\n                    <jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>\n                    and\n                    <jats:bold>6<\/jats:bold>\n                    , which possess only a single TSC unit, TSC\u2010box\n                    <jats:bold>8<\/jats:bold>\n                    with a tandem TSC structure exhibits enhanced spin\u2010orbit coupling and a narrower singlet\u2010triplet energy gap. These attributes endow TSC\u2010box\n                    <jats:bold>8<\/jats:bold>\n                    with favorable photoelectric properties, including photoluminescence and an apparent one\u2010step four\u2010electron redox behavior. Nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy revealed efficient formation of the triplet excited state, prolonging the triplet excited\u2010state lifetime, thereby enabling effective generation of O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2022\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    and \u2022OH. As a photocatalyst, TSC\u2010box\n                    <jats:bold>8<\/jats:bold>\n                    efficiently mediates metal\u2010free photoredox catalysis, affording benzimidazole derivatives in up to 99% yield and enabling the selective oxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde within 1 h (yield: 90%, conversion: 96%) and to benzoic acid within 5 h (yield: 97%, conversion: 98%). This work provides a strategic approach to designing long\u2010lived triplet excited\u2010state systems for metal\u2010free photocatalysis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.74393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T10:15:30Z","timestamp":1785579330000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prolonging the Triplet Excited\u2010State Lifetime via Tandem Through\u2010Space Conjugation in Tetracationic Cyclophanes for Efficient Metal\u2010Free Photoredox Catalysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Yawen","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Research Center of Frontier Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Engineering Research Center of Key Materials for Efficient Utilization of Clean Energy of Shaanxi Province Xi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"},{"name":"Institute of New Concept Sensors and Molecular Materials Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Conceptual Sensors and Molecular Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"},{"name":"Shengzhou Yangtze River Delta Institute for the Integration of Industry and Education in New Energy  Shengzhou Zhejiang Province P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Research Center of Frontier Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Engineering Research Center of Key Materials for Efficient Utilization of Clean Energy of Shaanxi Province Xi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zengrong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Research Center of Frontier Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Engineering Research Center of Key Materials for Efficient Utilization of Clean Energy of Shaanxi Province Xi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cui","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Research Center of Frontier Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Engineering Research Center of Key Materials for Efficient Utilization of Clean Energy of Shaanxi Province Xi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianle","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Research Center of Frontier Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Engineering Research Center of Key Materials for Efficient Utilization of Clean Energy of Shaanxi Province Xi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhijie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University  Xi'an P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naiyao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Research Center of Frontier Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Engineering Research Center of Key Materials for Efficient Utilization of Clean Energy of Shaanxi Province Xi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3862-0419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenxin","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Research Center of Frontier Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Engineering Research Center of Key Materials for Efficient Utilization of Clean Energy of Shaanxi Province Xi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"},{"name":"Institute of New Concept Sensors and Molecular Materials Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Conceptual Sensors and Molecular Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"},{"name":"Shengzhou Yangtze River Delta Institute for the Integration of Industry and Education in New Energy  Shengzhou Zhejiang Province P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Research Center of Frontier Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Engineering Research Center of Key Materials for Efficient Utilization of Clean Energy of Shaanxi Province Xi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"},{"name":"Institute of New Concept Sensors and Molecular Materials Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Conceptual Sensors and Molecular Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3814-2237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haonan","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of New Concept Sensors and Molecular Materials Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Conceptual Sensors and Molecular Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"},{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University  Xi'an P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8490-8080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of New Concept Sensors and Molecular Materials Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Conceptual Sensors and Molecular Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"},{"name":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University  Xi'an P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5319-7084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Research Center of Frontier Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Engineering Research Center of Key Materials for Efficient Utilization of Clean Energy of Shaanxi Province Xi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"},{"name":"Institute of New Concept Sensors and Molecular Materials Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Conceptual Sensors and Molecular Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi Province P. R. China"},{"name":"Shengzhou Yangtze River Delta Institute for the Integration of Industry and Education in New Energy  Shengzhou Zhejiang Province P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c04200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201800128"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00334"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202504866"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.202319909"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c05237"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c06976"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202108146"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b09220"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31635\/ccschem.023.202303387"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202414801"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202413129"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202104125"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201904863"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.1c01493"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202001592"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.151448511"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9SC04860J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31635\/ccschem.025.202505963"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b12520"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202510114"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5SC01733E"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c09508"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c00800"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.198815471"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b13223"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566\u2010024\u201001527\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d3mh01485a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nenergy.2017.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c01485"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cplett.2012.09.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201903502"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202104223"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2024.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c19488"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adsc.201900416"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31635\/ccschem.025.202405229"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201908168"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9GC01359H"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2021.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.3751232"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200803381"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr60289a001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr300503r"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41570\u2010024\u201000585\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563\u2010025\u201002281\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.4c00297"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.3c02597"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2025.111426"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c02797"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5TA00541H"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202505544"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2SC06044B"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202400101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202502321"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44160\u2010025\u201000782\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","unstructured":"Benzaldehyde market size | global report analysis https:\/\/www.businessresearchinsights.com\/market\u2010reports\/benzaldehyde\u2010market\u2010101517 https:\/\/www.databridgemarketresearch.com\/reports\/global\u2010benzaldehyde\u2010market."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41929\u2010018\u20100128\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1198458"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b09954"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202304152"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202400965"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c04890"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.2c04652"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010024\u201049005\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202300597"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4GC04480K"}],"container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.74393","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/adma.74393","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.74393","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T12:33:47Z","timestamp":1790858027000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adma.74393"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"55","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adma.74393"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.74393","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0935-9648","1521-4095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0935-9648","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e74393"}}