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Herein, we report cilia\u2010structured lipiodol (CS\u2010lipiodol) droplets by self\u2010assembling dual\u2010asymmetric microparticles with hydrophilic cilia\u2010structured hemispheres and hydrophobic plain hemispheres at the lipiodol\u2013water interface, enabling long\u2010term TAE therapy by the cilia\u2010mediated nano\u2010interlocking effect. CS\u2010lipiodol droplets exhibit strong interfacial adhesion and viscoelastic deformability through the nano\u2010interlocking effect and the Pickering\u2010like architecture, allowing tight and efficient occlusion across multiple in vitro embolization models. The enhanced interfacial adhesion to vascular cells and adjacent droplets confers long\u2010term vascular occlusion and approximately three\u2010fold higher in vivo embolization rates than commercial embolic agents. In the orthotopic rabbit HCC model, purely physical occlusion with CS\u2010lipiodol droplets induced superior tumor volume reduction. Our study provides a healthcare material platform for long\u2010term and vascular\u2010adaptive TAE therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.74660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T10:16:52Z","timestamp":1787221012000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cilia\u2010Structured Lipiodol Droplets Enable Long\u2010Term Transarterial Embolization Therapy by Nano\u2010Interlocking Adhesion"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Sen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Bio\u2010Inspired Smart Interface Science Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing P. R. China"},{"name":"School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)  Beijing P. R. 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