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A fundamental challenge is to maximize the number of independent channels while maintaining high fidelity, compact footprint, and low structural complexity, constraints that severely limit existing diffractive optical elements. Here, we overcome these long\u2010standing trade\u2010offs by introducing a multi\u2010dimensional reconfigurable diffractive neural network (MRDNN) that enables high\u2010capacity, high\u2010fidelity optical multiplexing within an exceptionally compact and simple architecture through the co\u2010design of predictive neural optimization and multi\u2010physical\u2010dimension multiplexing. Experimentally, a dual\u2010layer MRDNN realizes 24 independent channels for distinct functionalities, including focusing, beam steering, and holographic image reconstruction. Owing to its excellent scalability, only four metasurface layers comprising a minimal library of 200\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    meta\u2010atoms achieve 120 distinct optical channels with low crosstalk and high fidelity (measured mean structural similarity index measure of over 0.8), representing a record experimental multiplexing capacity with one of the smallest normalized footprints and simplest structural configurations in a metasurface\u2010enabled system. This work establishes a scalable and efficient paradigm for extreme optical multiplexing in multifunctional and reconfigurable photonics systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.75132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:15:23Z","timestamp":1790172923000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["120\u2010Channel High\u2010Fidelity Optical Multiplexing Using a Minimal Meta\u2010Atom Set"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7972-8069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiyu","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute and Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System University of Shanghai for Science and Technology  Shanghai 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