{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:53:39Z","timestamp":1790913219017,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFB2402400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFB2402400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["92372119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92372119"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004794","name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007527","name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rouen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007527","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Direct recycling of spent lithium\u2010ion battery (LIB) cathodes holds great promise for sustainable materials recovery. However, residual fluorinated impurities, including inorganic fluoride species and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), remain a persistent challenge due to their chemical persistence and heterogeneous distribution. Here, we report an electrochemically driven self\u2010cleaning strategy that enables fluoride\u2010free adaptive direct recycling of spent cathodes. Using LiNi\n                    <jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    Co\n                    <jats:sub>0.2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Mn\n                    <jats:sub>0.3<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (NMC532) as a model system, anodic polarization activates oxygen\u2010evolution\u2010driven surface reconstruction, generating hydroxylated transition metal (TM) interfaces that trigger the cooperative elimination of fluorinated contaminants. Specifically, the reconstruction promotes proton\u2010assisted dissolution of LiF and related inorganic fluoride species, while simultaneously inducing a hydrophobic\u2010to\u2010hydrophilic interfacial transition that weakens PVDF adhesion and facilitates its removal. These coupled redox\u2010hydrolysis\u2010interfacial processes synergistically eradicate fluorinated residues while preserving the bulk composition and structural integrity of the cathode. The regenerated NMC532 delivers a high discharge capacity of 145.1 mAh\u00b7g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , comparable to commercial material. When implemented in pouch cells, this strategy achieves an inter\u2011batch capacity variation of less than 1.3%, dramatically outperforming the \u223c24.1% variation typical of conventional recycling and meeting commercial consistency standards (\u00b1\u00a03%\u20135%). This reconstruction\u2010enabled self\u2010cleaning strategy is broadly applicable across diverse cathode chemistries, providing a scalable and chemically selective pathway toward impurity\u2011free, high\u2011performance battery material regeneration.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.75182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:00:52Z","timestamp":1790910052000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Adaptive Electrochemical Self\u2010Cleaning via Surface Reconstruction Enables Fluoride\u2010Free and Batch\u2010Consistent Cathode Regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Yuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science Innovation Center for Chemical Science College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University  Suzhou P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengyu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSA Rouen Normandie Univ Rouen Normandie Univ Caen Normandie ENSICAEN CNRS Institut CARMeN (UMR 6064)  Rouen France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaidan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science Innovation Center for Chemical Science College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University  Suzhou P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science Innovation Center for Chemical Science College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University  Suzhou P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jialong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science Innovation Center for Chemical Science College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University  Suzhou P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Interfacial Materials Science Innovation Center for Chemical Science College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University  Suzhou P. R. 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