{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:56:39Z","timestamp":1791204999992,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008398","name":"Villum Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25861"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25861"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008398","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002808","name":"Carlsbergfondet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CF24\u20101527"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CF24\u20101527"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002808","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001732","name":"Danmarks Grundforskningsfond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DNRF189"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DNRF189"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001732","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004836","name":"Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNF23OC0085064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNF23OC0085064"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches are expected to accelerate the development of new materials, for example through automated synthesis. Here, we investigate another approach to accelerate materials discovery, namely in situ synchrotron Powder x\u2010ray diffraction (PXRD), which enables efficient exploration of a large range of synthesis parameters to identify optimal synthesis conditions. We study the solvothermal formation of Pd\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    M\n                    <jats:sub>y<\/jats:sub>\n                    (M\u2550Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) nanoparticles with varying temperature, solvent, and metal precursor. Intermetallic phases are obtained for all systems except for Pd\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    Si\n                    <jats:sub>y<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and specific conditions are identified for preparing Pd\n                    <jats:sub>25<\/jats:sub>\n                    Ge\n                    <jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub>\n                    , Pd\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Ge, SnPd\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , Sn\n                    <jats:sub>13<\/jats:sub>\n                    Pd\n                    <jats:sub>20<\/jats:sub>\n                    , SnPd, Pb\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Pd\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    , Pb\n                    <jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub>\n                    Pd\n                    <jats:sub>13<\/jats:sub>\n                    , PbPd, and Pb\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Pd intermetallic phases. A general formation mechanism is suggested, where Pd nanoparticles are formed initially, followed by adsorption and diffusion of the secondary metal to form intermetallic phases. Based on the learnings from the in situ experiments, SnPd\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , Sn\n                    <jats:sub>13<\/jats:sub>\n                    Pd\n                    <jats:sub>20<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and SnPd nanoparticles are synthesized ex situ in a simple solvothermal process. Scanning transmission electron microscopy\u2014energy\u2010dispersive x\u2010ray spectroscopy (STEM\u2010EDS) establishes a gradient of Sn across the nanoparticles with a Pd\u2010rich core and increasing Sn content towards the edges, reflecting the diffusion of Sn into the initial Pd nanoparticles and thereby corroborating the formation mechanism observed from the in situ data.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.75213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:34:27Z","timestamp":1791203667000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Accelerated Materials Discovery Through In Situ X\u2010ray Diffraction: Solvothermal Formation of Pd\n                    <sub>x<\/sub>\n                    M\n                    <sub>y<\/sub>\n                    (M\u2550Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) Intermetallic Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6402-972X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anders B\u00e6k","family":"Borup","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center For Sustainable Energy Materials Department of Chemistry Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4632-1024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo Brummerstedt","family":"Iversen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center For Sustainable Energy Materials Department of Chemistry Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c15488"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44160\u2010023\u201000250\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010025\u201056788\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010023\u201006734\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abo2626","article-title":"An Artificial Intelligence Enabled Chemical Synthesis Robot for Exploration and Optimization of Nanomaterials","volume":"8","author":"Jiang Y.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science advances"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41524\u2010021\u201000520\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2DD00025C"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","unstructured":"K.Vaddi H. T.Chiang andL. D.Pozzo \u201cchemrxiv preprint \u201d (2025) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26434\/chemrxiv\u20102025\u2010zktwx."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010020\u201016501\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202001626"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3NR03901C"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5TA02072G"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201301042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.5b03085"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp508600u"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ic301976s"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b809085h"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200905627"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201301139"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1039\/B814601B","article-title":"Control of Polymorphism in NaNbO3 by Hydrothermal Synthesis","volume":"45","author":"Modeshia D. R.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemical Communications"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8NR07342B"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja015827n"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adsc.200700350"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jo971268k"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp066949a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201801103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr9000995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1381\u20101169(01)00148\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.0c05209"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1204183"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcat.2013.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp073944k"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja038804c"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202215225"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021\u20109517(02)00070\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jcat.2001.3501"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcata.2006.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad5705"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200801517"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.9b10417"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2014.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.1c02816"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/C5RA11910C","article-title":"A Straightforward and \u201cGreen\u201d Solvothermal Synthesis of Al Doped Zinc Oxide Plasmonic Nanocrystals and Piezoresistive Elastomer Nanocomposite","volume":"5","author":"\u0160utka A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"RSC Advances"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.supflu.2024.106341"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5NR04459F"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/a805753b"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.5c01148"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.5b03394"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cnma.201700069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022\u20105088(81)90140\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00563042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0925\u20108388(95)02056\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02674987"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11669\u2010012\u20100025\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b11029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2017.07.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja202869d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.6b05191"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202009002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.2c02842"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.78.052506"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2009.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jssc.2002.9701"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b06327"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","volume-title":"Solid State Chemistry and Its Applications","author":"West A. R.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167\u20102738(81)90341\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","first-page":"R819","article-title":"Disordering Phenomena in Superionic Conductors","volume":"14","author":"Keen D. A.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167\u20102738(81)90110\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3TA06367D"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167\u20102738(83)90067\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.5c01408"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010023\u201044274\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c08232"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/hesc\/9780198768128.001.0001","volume-title":"Inorganic Chemistry","author":"Weller M.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NR01240H"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcat.2011.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.supflu.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600576723002339"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600577520000776"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600576718000183"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","unstructured":"H.PutzandK.Brandenburg https:\/\/www.crystalimpact.de\/match Crystal Impact GbR 102 53227 Kreuzherrenstr Bonn Germany2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022\u20105088(77)90261\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022\u20105088(75)90097\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022\u20105088(77)90230\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S0036023612030114"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S2056989015011366"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2018.10.384"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jssc.2002.9625"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600576719011580"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","unstructured":"X.Yang P.Juh\u00e1s C. L.Farrow andS. J. L.Billinge \u201carXiv: Materials Science \u201d (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S0021889813005190"}],"container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.75213","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/adma.75213","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.75213","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:34:30Z","timestamp":1791203670000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adma.75213"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"references-count":91,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adma.75213"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.75213","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0935-9648","1521-4095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0935-9648","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e75213"}}