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Its multistep proton\u2010coupled electron\u2010transfer kinetics and catalyst degradation under strongly oxidizing conditions limit overall efficiency and durability. High\u2010entropy oxides (HEOs), which combine multicomponent configurational disorder, lattice distortion, broad distributions of local coordination environments, and element\u2010specific electronic interactions, have emerged as a versatile platform for OER catalyst design. This review summarizes the definitions and physicochemical characteristics of HEOs, OER reaction pathways, theoretical and data\u2010driven methods, synthesis strategies, representative crystal structures, and recent progress in acidic OER and proton\u2010exchange\u2010membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). Particular attention is given to rutile\u2010type Ir\/Ru\u2010based HEOs, including their phase formation, local electronic\u2010structure regulation, degradation behavior, and device\u2010level validation. Current challenges in composition\u2010space exploration, operando mechanism identification, long\u2010term stability, noble\u2010metal utilization, reproducible scale\u2010up, and standardized device testing are discussed, together with directions for future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.75259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T05:42:58Z","timestamp":1791265378000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["High\u2010Entropy Oxides for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Structural Design, Reaction Mechanisms, and Future Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Chang","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of New Energy Ningbo University of Technology  Ningbo China"},{"name":"School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University of Technology  Ningbo 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