{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T03:53:32Z","timestamp":1791604412056,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004189","name":"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004189","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRC 1333\/2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRC 1333\/2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018992","name":"Fonds der Chemischen Industrie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018992","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005156","name":"Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    \u201cDark photocatalysis\u201d decouples electron storage from photoconversion, offering a promising route to buffer solar intermittency, however requiring precise control of light\u2010matter interactions. Metal\u2013organic frameworks (MOFs) provide a platform to tailor these interactions at the molecular level through judicious selection of organic linkers and interconnected metal nodes. This study advances design principles for dark photocatalysis by integrating two linkers with complementary light\u2010interaction roles in a multivariate (MTV) COK\u201047 series. Varying the ratio between biphenyl dicarboxylate (\n                    <jats:italic>biph<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and bipyridine dicarboxylate (\n                    <jats:italic>bipy<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) linker shows that under continuous irradiation (365\u00a0nm), COK\u201047\n                    <jats:sub>biph<\/jats:sub>\n                    is the most photocatalytically active member, surpassing COK\u201047\n                    <jats:sub>bipy<\/jats:sub>\n                    by threefold. In contrast, COK\u201047\n                    <jats:sub>bipy<\/jats:sub>\n                    exhibits an eightfold increase in photocharging capacity, revealed by a multispectroscopic approach, evidencing the formation of Ti\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and reduced linker species as storage unit. The stored charges drive methyl viologen (MV) reduction and H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    evolution in the dark. Notably, the mixed\u2010linker material COK\u201047\n                    <jats:sub>50\u201050<\/jats:sub>\n                    combines both advantages, delivering near\u2010maximal H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    production under illumination while retaining substantial charge storage capability, achieving the highest MV reduction activity and second\u2010highest dark H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    evolution in the series. These findings connect framework composition to light\u2010matter interaction, charge storage capacity, catalytic activity, and establish a design strategy for multifunctional dark photocatalytic materials.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.75312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T03:44:57Z","timestamp":1791603897000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Charge Storage and Dark Photocatalysis in Multivariate Ti\u2010Based Metal\u2010Organic Frameworks"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6462-3982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia E.","family":"Knapp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research  Stuttgart Germany"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Stuttgart  Stuttgart Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5323-6936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bibhuti Bhusan","family":"Rath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research  Stuttgart Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0533-3635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Borja","family":"Ort\u00edn\u2010Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research  Stuttgart Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6671-9827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"Bauder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Stuttgart  Stuttgart Germany"},{"name":"Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST)  Stuttgart Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Gjorgjevikj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research  Stuttgart Germany"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Ulm  Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6251-7214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saunak","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research  Stuttgart Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8272-0789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariia","family":"Ferree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Physical Chemistry and Spectroscopy of Energy Materials Department of Chemistry Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010Universit\u00e4t Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5887-6158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Laquai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Physical Chemistry and Spectroscopy of Energy Materials Department of Chemistry Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010Universit\u00e4t Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4001-8363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Tesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Stuttgart  Stuttgart Germany"},{"name":"Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST)  Stuttgart Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9136-6811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bettina","family":"Baumgartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Van \u2019t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9504-8514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research  Stuttgart Germany"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Ulm  Ulm Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3094-303X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bettina V.","family":"Lotsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research  Stuttgart Germany"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Stuttgart  Stuttgart Germany"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010Universit\u00e4t Munich  Munich Germany"},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence e\u2010conversion and Center for Nanoscience  Garching Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en16031415"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2025.01.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202305028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/238037a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C1CP20412B"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201608553"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.9b02199"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201702238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep02409"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c04140"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja308229p"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.6b02228"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202207280"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202406385"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja903726m"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202000486"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2017.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp3046005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d1sc06785k"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202517595"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201904347"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2023.122418"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d0ta03749d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202301619"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202300961"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d4ta01967a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/aps.4c00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c15290"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202400936"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2021.214123"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcou.2021.101528"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578\u2010022\u201000482\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202200938"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c11390"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c6cy00695g"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d4lf00278d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","volume-title":"Emerging Pollutants in the Environment: Current and Further Implications","author":"Atitar M. F.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973\u2010012\u20102590\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d5nr00853k"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003\u20102670(95)00174\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ic502609a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201505512"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02603598208078100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6GC01113F"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ic00050a030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/P29920002007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2964","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.9b05588","article-title":"In Situ Pt\u2010Loading\u2010Dependent Photocatalytic Reaction Pathways Studied by Liquid\u2010Phase Infrared Spectroscopy","volume":"10","author":"Haselmann G. M.","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Catalysis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.8b01876"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpca.0c00888"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0584\u20108539(72)80108\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp951839h"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00723\u2010020\u201001266\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.202217439"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrs.1250170306"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.2c00825"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/catal11121514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d5dt00632e"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.4c04782"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2025.115920"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c17642"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202000486"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcb.6b04796"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.5c04622"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crci.2015.11.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c14574"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b05964"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c10498"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201700973"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2017.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c18686"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.inorgchem.5c04720"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600576718000183"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S0021889891010804"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0025\u20105408(88)90019\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja511802c"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cplett.2017.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022\u20102860(89)80074\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3601"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ensm.2022.07.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201206817"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp807694r"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2022.153681"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2023.123475"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202519875"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201902988"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010023\u201034743\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfin.2022.102146"}],"container-title":["Advanced Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.75312","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/adma.75312","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/adma.75312","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T03:44:59Z","timestamp":1791603899000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adma.75312"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"references-count":87,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/adma.75312"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.75312","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.26434\/chemrxiv.15003617\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0935-9648","1521-4095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0935-9648","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e75312"}}