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However, coupling between magnetic textures in stacked layers is difficult to resolve in conventional plan\u2010view measurements because the magnetic signal is integrated over the sample thickness. Here, these interactions are quantified in Fe\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    GeTe\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (FGT)\/graphite\/FGT heterostructures using cross\u2010sectional Lorentz transmission electron microscopy and off\u2010axis electron holography, enabling reconstruction of the local projected magnetic induction within and between the layers. Domain alignment weakens with increasing FGT separation, yielding a stray\u2010field coupling length scale of \u00a0nm for the cross\u2010sectional geometry studied here, corresponding to the average separation at which domain misalignment first emerges. This length scale corresponds to an approximately 23% reduction in the interlayer magnetic induction relative to bulk FGT. The magnetic induction is reduced relative to bulk FGT up to 100\u00a0nm from a surface. Comparisons with model\u2010based iterative reconstructions of the magnetization and micromagnetic simulations show that this near\u2010surface reduction is due to demagnetizing and stray fields. These results quantify the magnetic induction in stacked vdW magnets and guide the design of devices that require controllable coupling between magnetic\u00a0textures.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.75479","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T07:37:18Z","timestamp":1792827438000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Quantification of Magnetic Interactions in van der Waals Heterostructures Using Lorentz Transmission Electron Microscopy and Off\u2010Axis Electron Holography"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0095-1191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joachim Dahl","family":"Thomsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ernst Ruska\u2010Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy With Electrons Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9215-4925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qianqian","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ernst Ruska\u2010Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy With Electrons Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7423-0840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolai S.","family":"Kiselev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter Gr\u00fcnberg Institute Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1907-8226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Duft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ernst Ruska\u2010Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy With Electrons Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7128-0001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arslan","family":"Rehmat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1391-4448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zden\u011bk","family":"Sofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8082-0647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafal E.","family":"Dunin\u2010Borkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ernst Ruska\u2010Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy With Electrons Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7657","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22060","article-title":"Discovery of Intrinsic Ferromagnetism in Two\u2010Dimensional van der Waals Crystals","volume":"546","author":"Gong C.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7657","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22391","article-title":"Layer\u2010Dependent Ferromagnetism in a van der Waals Crystal Down to the Monolayer Limit","volume":"546","author":"Huang B.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7729","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0626-9","article-title":"Gate\u2010Tunable Room\u2010Temperature Ferromagnetism in Two\u2010Dimensional Fe3GeTe2","volume":"563","author":"Deng Y.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5974","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.8b02806","article-title":"Patterning\u2010Induced Ferromagnetism of Fe3GeTe2 van der Waals Materials Beyond Room Temperature","volume":"18","author":"Li Q.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nano Letters"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-020-0427-7","article-title":"Controlling the Magnetic Anisotropy in Cr2Ge2Te6 by Electrostatic Gating","volume":"3","author":"Verzhbitskiy I. 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