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Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    can regulate vascular functions, yet the mechanistic insight remains ill\u2010defined. Data show that extracellular Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    enters endothelium mainly through the TRPM7 channel and MagT1 transporter. Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    can act as an antagonist to reduce Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    signaling in endothelium. Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    also reduces the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and inflammation. In addition, Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010signaling increases endothelial survival and growth, adhesion, and migration. Endothelial barrier integrity is significantly enhanced with Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010treatment through S1P1\u2010Rac1 pathways and barrier\u2010stabilizing mediators including cAMP, FGF1\/2, and eNOS. Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    also promotes cytoskeletal reorganization and junction proteins to tighten up the barrier. Moreover, Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010deficiency enhances endothelial barrier permeability in mice, and Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010treatment rescues histamine\u2010induced transient vessel hyper\u2010permeability in vivo. In summary, Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010deficiency can cause deleterious effects in endothelium integrity, and Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010treatment may be effective in the prevention or treatment of vascular dysfunction.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201901166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,30]],"date-time":"2019-07-30T05:39:41Z","timestamp":1564465181000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Magnesium Regulates Endothelial Barrier Functions through TRPM7, MagT1, and S1P1"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3057-1889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donghui","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Institute for Engineering\u2010Driven Medicine College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Renaissance School of Medicine Stony Brook University  Stony Brook NY 11794 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Texas  Denton TX 76207 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University  State College PA 16802 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaxi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute  La Jolla CA 92037 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00012.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.112.003483"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1240094"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200018090-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10246"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_4","first-page":"S207","volume":"23","author":"Yogi A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Magnesium Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-10-1021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4162"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0908332106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"2, 1051","author":"Long S.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Austin J. 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