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Here, manganese, a calcium analogue and clinically approved magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent, is used as an imaging biomarker of myocardial viability in the first hours after experimental MI. Safe Mn<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> dosing is confirmed by measuring in vitro beating rates, calcium transients, and action potentials in cardiomyocytes, and in vivo heart rates and cardiac contractility in mice. Quantitative T1 mapping\u2010manganese\u2010enhanced MRI (MEMRI) reveals elevated and increasing Mn<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> uptake in viable myocardium remote from the infarct, suggesting MEMRI offers a quantitative biomarker of cardiac inotropy. MEMRI evaluation of infarct size at 1 h, 1 and 14 days after MI quantifies myocardial viability earlier than the current gold\u2010standard technique, late\u2010gadolinium\u2010enhanced MRI. 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