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Vascular invasion is a prerequisite for endochondral ossification during the development of long bone. As an oral antitumor medicine, Inlyta (axitinib) possesses pronounced antiangiogenic activity, owing to the inactivation of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway. In this study, axitinib\u2010loaded poly(<jats:italic>\u03b5<\/jats:italic>\u2010caprolactone) (PCL)\/collagen nanofibrous membranes are fabricated by electrospinning for the first time. Rabbit\u2010derived MSCs\u2010engineered cartilage is encapsulated in the axitinib\u2010loaded nanofibrous membrane and subcutaneously implanted into nude mice. The sustained and localized release of axitinib successfully inhibits vascular invasion, stabilizes cartilaginous phenotype, and helps cartilage maturation. RNA sequence further reveals that axitinib creates an avascular, hypoxic, and low immune response niche. Timp1 is remarkably upregulated in this niche, which probably plays a functional role in inhibiting the activity of matrix metalloproteinases and stabilizing the engineered cartilage. This study provides a novel strategy for stable subcutaneous chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stromal cells, which is also suitable for other medical applications, such as arthritis treatment, local treatment of tumors, and regeneration of other avascular tissues (cornea and tendon).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202100351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T09:23:34Z","timestamp":1630142614000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["An Avascular Niche Created by Axitinib\u2010Loaded PCL\/Collagen Nanofibrous Membrane Stabilized Subcutaneous Chondrogenesis of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Tian\u2010Ji","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology Shanghai Children's Medical Center School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University  No.1678 Dongfang Road Shanghai 200127 P. 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